数智时代下制造业服务化转型的路径选择:基于技术创新和商业模式创新的比较研究

The Path Selection for Servitization Transformation of the Manufacturing Industry in the Era of Digital Intelligence:A Comparative Study Based on Technological Innovation and Business Model Innovation

数智时代下制造业服务化面临新机遇与新挑战,通过梳理分析国内外有关研究,概括制造业服务化的概念及特征,认为制造业服务化的数智需求包括数字化转型需求、数据驱动决策需求、智能制造需求、客户需求洞察、数字化供应链需求等方面,由此构建数智技术推动制造业服务化高质量发展的具体机制模型,并从技术创新和商业模式创新两个层面厘清制造业服务化的发展路径,识别和归纳出服务化转型3个阶段的关键行为及其相互关系。通过对比研究发现,数智时代下,制造业企业内部组织环境对数字技术创新而言更为重要,外部市场环境动态性会对商业模式创新产生重要的影响,企业在成立初期或面临市场变化时,采取商业模式创新,而随着企业的成长和市场竞争的加剧,技术创新就更为重要。因此,对于目前内部组织环境稳定的企业,采取技术创新的模式能够保证持续的价值增长点;而对于能够快速响应市场动态变化的企业来说,进行商业模式创新会促进企业制造业服务化效益的提升。

The era of digital intelligence provides new opportunities and challenges for the servitization of manufacturing industry.By reviewing and analyzing relevant research,this paper summarizes the concept and characteristics of servitization of the manufacturing industry,revealing that the digital intelligence needs of manufacturing servitization include digital transformation needs,data-driven decision-making needs,intelligent manufacturing needs,customer demand insights,and digital supply chain needs.Based on this,a specific mechanism model for promoting high-quality development of manufacturing servitization through digital intelligence technology is constructed,and the development path of manufacturing servitization is clarified from the perspectives of technological innovation and business model innovation.The key behaviors and their interrelationships in the three stages of servitization transformation are also identified and summarized.The comparative research indicates that,the era of digital intelligence attaches greater importance to digital technology innovation in the internal organizational environment of manufacturing enterprises,and the dynamic nature of the external market environment will have a significant impact on business model innovation,when a company is in the early stages or facing market changes,it is advised to adopt business model innovation,while as the company grows and market competition intensifies,technological innovation becomes even more important.Therefore,for enterprises with stable internal organizational environments,adopting a technological innovation model can ensure sustained value growth points,but for the enterprises that can quickly respond to market dynamic changes,business model innovation will improve the servitization efficiency in the manufacturing industry.