车联网中基于协作请求的本地化位置隐私保护

Local Location Privacy Protection Based on Collaborative Requests in Internet of Vehicles

在车联网中车辆用户获取位置服务时,会面临各种位置隐私泄露的风险.传统的基于差分隐私的方案在保护程度与可用性之间很难得到有效的平衡.为解决此问题,提出基于协作请求的本地化位置隐私保护方案,当某一车辆用户发送基于位置的服务请求时,采用Geohash编码方式快速索引定位用户真实位置,并通过其前缀相同的特性进行编码位随机扰动,能够较好地平衡隐私保护与数据可用性间关系;为进一步保护位置隐私,通过构建协作群组选取代理请求成员的方式,减少用户与位置服务提供商的通信;最后在两个真实数据集上进行实验验证了方法的有效性,并通过安全性分析证明了方案的隐私性.

In internet of Vehicles,when vehicle users obtain location-based services,they will submit the current request location,so location privacy is often disclosed.The existing traditional schemes based on differential privacy are difficult to choose between the degree of privacy protection and data availability.To address this issue,a localized location privacy protection scheme based on collaborative requests is proposed.When a vehicle user sends a location based service request,the Geohash encoding method is used to quickly index and locate the user′s real location,and the encoding bit is randomly perturbed by the same prefix,which can effectively balance the relationship between privacy protection and data availability;To further protect location privacy,by constructing collaborative groups and selecting group proxies,communication between users and location service providers is reduced;Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through experiments on two real datasets,and the privacy of the scheme was demonstrated through theoretical analysis.