建构文学史的国际政治学:《剑桥俄罗斯文学史》的话语性和学术性

The International Politics of Constructing Literary History:The Discourse and Academic Value of The Cambridge History of Russian Literature

苏联解体以及之后的进程表明,苏联体制内学者编纂的汗牛充栋的俄罗斯文学史,和这个国家一样是失败的,相反,“冷战”时代斯拉夫学编纂的同类成果,则仍有学术生命力,乔治·华盛顿大学教授莫泽主编的《剑桥俄罗斯文学史》(1989)影响力尤甚。这部文学史,率先确立在帝国进程中认识俄罗斯文学的文学史观,搭建正视俄罗斯文学是在欧洲文化影响下发展起来的文学史框架,运用在俄国文化变迁历程中认识俄罗斯文学的方法。这种在一定程度上超越“冷战”时代西方政治正确话语的文学史,是大多局限于用官方意识形态指导文学史编纂的苏联体制内学者所不能及的。

The collapse of the Soviet Union and the post-Soviet process have shown that the voluminous history of Russian literature compiled by scholars in the Soviet,much like the State itself,was a failure.On the contrary,works of the same type compiled by Slavic scholars in the Cold War era still have academic vitality,and The Cambridge History of Russian Literature(1989)edited by Professor Charles A.Moser at George Washington University is particularly influential.The literary history is pioneering in establishing a literary historical view that understands Russian literature within the context of imperial processes,constructing a framework that acknowledges Russian literature’s development under European cultural influence,and employing methods that recognize Russian literature through the lens of Russian cultural transformation.This kind of literary history,which surpasses the politically correct discourse of the West in the Cold War era,is beyond the scope of scholars in the Soviet limited to the official ideology guiding the compilation of literary history.