日本“共创基地”建设:内涵、动因和推进方向

The Construction of“Innovation Commons”in Japan:Connotation,Motivation,and Direction

“共创基地”作为日本高等教育领域一项新的政策创意,是各国立大学在国家的支援下,通过软硬一体化的设施开发和管理,实现整个校园的有机连接,从而将其打造为各利益相关方相互联系、共同创造的场所和空间。在数字化转型这一时代背景和“5.0社会”建设这一具身情境下,各利益相关方对大学的人才培养、科学研究、社会服务功能,以及大学的基础设施产生了新期待,然而日本大学当前校园设施老旧化的现状制约了相关功能的发挥,难以满足各主体的需求。为此,日本政府基于已有的制度脉络和现有的设施开发计划,提出了“共创基地”的政策构想。为了促进“共创基地”建设由理念转化为行动,日本成立了“促进国立大学法人设施建设调查研究合作者会议”,对已开展的符合“共创理念”的大学设施建设项目进行调查研究,通过总结各高校的举措要点,将“共创基地”的目标愿景提炼为四种主要类型,分别为:推进领先世界的前沿研究、为振兴地区产业作贡献、促进人才培养、致力于地区社会课题的解决。在此基础上,“促进国立大学法人设施建设调查研究合作者会议”以今后如何更好地推进“共创基地”建设为取向,对国家、国立大学法人、地区政府、产业界等分别提出了相应的建议,为致力于推进“共创基地”建设的大学提供指导和参考。

As a new policy initiative in the field of higher education in Japan,“Innovation Commons”refers to places and spaces within national universities,supported by the state,that integrate the development and management of facilities to create organically connected campuses.“Innovation Commons”is created as a collaborative space where stakeholders connect and innovate together.This proposal was made in the context of digital transformation and“society 5.0”construction,where stakeholders hold new expectations for the functions of universities in human resources cultivation,scientific research,and social services.However,aging facilities on university campuses in Japan limits the full realization of these functions,making it difficult to meet the needs of all stakeholders.In response,Japan proposed the policy of“Innovation Commons”within the existing institutional policies and existing facility development programs.In order to promote the development of“Innovation Commons”from concept to action,Japan government established the Conference of the Survey and Research Staff on the Promotion of the Improvement of the Facilities of the National University Corporations to conduct research on university projects aligning with the“Innovation Commons”goals.By summarizing the key points of each university’s initiatives,the goal and vision of the“Innovation Commons”has been refined into four main categories:advancing world-leading cutting-edge research,supporting local industrial revitalization,promoting human resources development,and addressing local social problems.With an emphasis on effectively advancing the establishment of“Innovation Commons”in the future,the Conference of the Survey and Research Staff on the Promotion of the Improvement of the Facilities of the National University Corporations propose recommendations for the state,national university corporations,regional governments,and industry in order to provide guide and reference to universities that are committed to promoting the establishment of“Innovation Commons”.