高危型人乳头瘤病毒感染的女性患者阴道微生态特征分析

Vaginal Microecological Characteristics of Female Patients with High-risk Human Papillomavirus Infection

目的:分析高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)感染的女性患者阴道微生态特征。方法:选取西安航天总医院2023年3月—2024年3月收治的HR-HPV感染患者83例为观察组,并以同期同院体检的健康女性62例为对照组。两组均接受阴道微生态检测,比较其阴道微生态特征,并采用多因素Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果:两组革兰染色细菌评分、阴道pH、β-葡萄糖醛酸酶阳性占比、乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶阳性占比比较,无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组菌群密集度、菌群多样性分级高于对照组,过氧化氢缺乏、唾液酸苷酶阳性及白细胞酯酶阳性占比大于对照组(P<0.05);两组优势菌类型比较,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,菌群密集度为Ⅳ级、菌群多样性为Ⅳ级、唾液酸苷酶阳性及白细胞酯酶阳性是HR-HPV感染的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:菌群密集度及多样性Ⅳ级、唾液酸苷酶及白细胞酯酶阳性与HR-HPV感染密切相关,临床应关注此类阴道微生态特征,以预防宫颈病变。

Objective:To analyze the vaginal microecological characteristics of female patients with high-risk human papillomavirus(HR-HPV)infection.Methods:Eighty-three patients with HR-HPVinfection admitted to Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital from March 2023 to March 2024 were selected as the observation group,and sixty-two healthy women who underwent physical examination in the same hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.Vaginal microecology was detected in both groups,and the characteristics of vaginal microecology were compared,and the influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression.Results:There was no statistical significance in Gram staining bacterial score,vaginal pH,β-glucuronidase positive proportion and acetylglucosaminase positive proportion between the two groups(P>0.05);the concentration and diversity of bacteria in observation group were higher than those in control group,and the proportion of hydrogen peroxide deficiency,sialidase positive and leucocyte esterase positive were higher than those in control group(P<0.05);there was statistical difference in the types of dominant bacteria between the two groups(P<0.05);Logistic regression analysis showed that level IV bacterial density,level IV bacterial diversity,positive sialidase and positive leucocyte esterase were independent risk factors for HR-HPV infection(P<0.05).Conclusion:The concentration and diversity of bacteria IV,positive sialidase and leucocyte esterase are closely related to HR-HPVinfection.Clinicalattention should be paid to these vaginal microecological characteristics to prevent cervical lesions.