泰国洛坤府华文教育发展的百年嬗变——基于华人社会与华文教育的互动视角

The Century-Long Transformation of Chinese Language Education in Nakhon Si Thammarat in Thailand:An Interactive Perspective on Chinese Society and Chinese Language Education

泰国洛坤府华文教育历史悠久,经历了兴起、发展、衰落、复兴、繁荣的发展历程。百年来,洛坤华文教育与海南籍、福州籍华人移民的发展相伴相生。自1908年成立第一所华文学校始,洛坤府华侨教育曲折前行。1965年起,泰国政府对华语教材作出规定,对华文学校实行同化政策。华文学校招收大量非华裔学生以保住生存机会,洛坤府华文教育开始从第一语言教学向第二语言教学转型。20世纪90年代以后,洛坤府华文教育迎来发展机遇,23所学校开设华语课程,非华裔汉语学习者进一步增多,但洛坤府华文教育迫切需要在师资专业化、教学正规化、资源多样化等方面寻求突破。

Chinese language education in Nakhon Si Thammarat,Thailand,has a rich history,characterized by periods of rise,development,decline,revival,and prosperity.Over the past century,the evolution of Chinese language education in Nakhon Si Thammarat has been closely intertwined with the development of Hainanese and Fuzhou Chinese immigrant communities.Since the establishment of the first Chinese school in 1908,Chinese education in Nakhon Si Thammarat has faced a winding path.Starting in 1965,the Thai government imposed regulations on Chinese language textbooks and implemented assimilation policies in Chinese schools.In response,many Chinese schools began admitting a large number of non-Chinese students to ensure their survival,marking the transition of Chinese education in Nakhon Si Thammarat from first language instruction to second language instruction.After the 1990s,Chinese language education in Nakhon Si Thammarat entered a period of opportunity,with 23 schools offering Chinese language courses and a significant increase in non-Chinese learners.However,Chinese language education in Nakhon Si Thammarat urgently needs breakthroughs in areas such as teacher professionalization,standardized teaching practices,and diversification of resources.