钢丝绳摩擦学性能测试实验平台研制与教学应用

Development and teaching application of experimental platform for tribological performance testing of wire ropes

为满足“工程摩擦学”实验课程高阶性、创新性和挑战性的需求,该文研制了钢丝绳摩擦学性能测试实验教学平台,该平台可实现摩擦学性能测试、微动状态分析,并支持开展多种接触参数和环境工况下微动疲劳特性分析。实验平台的研制过程为:首先,设计了多丝螺旋捻制结构、绳芯钢丝微动结构、横向加载结构和外层钢丝气动加载结构;然后,完成了传感器布置方案设计和电路硬件选型;最后,基于LabVIEW设计的采集程序和基于触控屏的控制系统组成了测控软件。该实验平台可开展多工况下钢丝绳摩擦学性能测试实验教学,有助于提升学生工程实践创新能力。

[Objective]“Engineering Tribology”is a practical and innovative course designed for mechanical engineering students,aimed at combining theoretical knowledge with engineering practice to enhance students’innovative and practical skills.Traditional tribology test platforms tend to focus primarily on theory,lacking resemblance to actual working conditions in terms of structure,environment,and movement of friction pairs.[Methods]To support the needs of“Engineering Tribology”teaching,this paper develops a teaching platform specifically for testing the tribological performance of steel wire ropes,inspired by research on their tribological issues.The experimental platform can simulate the internal multi-wire spiral friction contact structure of steel wire ropes,enabling fretting friction and wear performance tests on spiral contact 7/19 wire in steel wire rope under multiple working conditions and parameters,such as contact and structural parameters.The development of the platform mainly includes structural design,hardware implementation,and the design of measurement and control software.Structural design involves creating a multi-wire spiral twisting structure,a fretting structure for the rope core steel wire,a lateral loading structure,and an outer steel wire pneumatic loading structure.Hardware implementation focuses on the sensor layout and circuit hardware selection.The measurement and control software design includes an acquisition program based on LabVIEW and a control system designed for a touch screen.[Results]The experimental platform can simulate the multi-wire spiral friction contact structure within a wire rope,providing a convenient experimental operation interface for conducting various experimental tasks.It facilitates fretting friction and wear performance tests on 7/19 wire internal spiral contact wire ropes under diverse working conditions and parameters,including contact,structural,and environmental factors.A LabVIEW software testing system allows for high-speed acquisition,storage,processing,and graphical display.The platform enables analysis of tribological properties such as friction coefficient,hysteresis characteristics,fretting wear characteristics,wear mechanisms,and wear parameters using advanced data analysis technology and experimental equipment.Students gain practical and innovative skills in engineering tribology through this platform.[Conclusion]The experimental platform is closely combined with actual working conditions,offering a robust engineering application background,rich operational space,a comprehensive selection of experimental design schemes,and a complete tribological performance experimental process.It significantly enhances students’innovative,practical skills and mastery of experimental knowledge in“engineering tribology.”Deploying the experimental platform for testing the tribological properties of wire rope in an engineering tribology course enriches its practical relevance,supporting the cultivation of students’engineering practice and innovation skills.It plays a crucial role in the development of“new engineering”and the“excellence program 2.0.”