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隔代照料对年轻老年人心理健康的影响研究

The Impact of Grandchild Care on the Mental Health of Young-old
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摘要 老年人在为家庭提供隔代照料方面发挥着至关重要的经济和社会作用,但参与隔代照料对老年人心理健康的影响仍不清晰。根据世界卫生组织对老年期的年龄划分标准,60~74岁老年人属于年轻老年人,是参与隔代照料的最主要老年人群体,将研究对象聚焦于这部分老年人,在一定程度上控制由年龄导致的健康差异。基于2020年中国老年社会追踪调查(CLASS)截面数据,通过工具变量法解决双向因果等内生性问题,采取倾向值得分匹配法克服样本自选择问题,研究参与隔代照料对年轻老年人心理健康的影响,将回归模型分别纳入隔代照料强度与工作强度、是否与子女同住的交互项,进行调节效应分析。结果表明,参与隔代照料对年轻老年人心理健康产生积极作用。工作强度的增大削弱了高强度照料对心理健康的积极影响。与子女同住促进了高强度照料对年轻老年人心理健康的正向影响,但与子女同住可能直接给年轻老年人心理带来负面影响。考虑工作强度,与子女同住在隔代照料影响老年人心理健康过程中的调节作用,弥补了以往研究的不足,同时得出一些政策上的启示:增加关于隔代照料益处的公众意识,开展隔代照料的公益培训项目,帮助他们更好地管理与子女和孙辈的关系,避免代际冲突带来心理健康的负面影响,努力创造和谐的家庭氛围。对承担工作和照料双重角色的年轻老年人制定灵活的工作政策,支持参与隔代照料的年轻老年人融入多代同堂的住房模式,资助改善多代同住家庭的居住条件。 Elderly individuals play a crucial economic and social role in providing grandchild care within families.However,the impact of such care on the psychological health of the elderly remains unclear.According to the World Health Organization's age classification for old age,individuals aged 60~74 are considered young-old and are the pri⁃mary group involved in grandchild care.Focusing the study on this group helps control for health differences caused by age to some extent.Using cross-sectional data from the 2020 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey(CLASS),this study employs instrumental variable methods to address endogeneity issues such as bidirectional causality and propensi⁃ty score matching to overcome sample self-selection problems.The study investigates the impact of grandchild care on the psychological health of the young-old.The results show that participation in grandchild care positively affects the psychological health of the young-old.The regression models respectively included the intensity of grandchild care,and work intensity,as well as the interaction term of whether living with children.The results showed that the increase in work intensity weakened the positive impact of high-intensity caregiving on psychological health.Living with children enhanced the positive impact of high-intensity caregiving on the psychological health of young-old,but living with chil⁃dren might directly have a negative impact on the psychological health of young-old.By considering the moderating ef⁃fects of work intensity and living arrangements on the impact of grandchild care on elderly psychological health,this study addresses gaps in previous research.It also provides some policy implications:raising public awareness about the benefits of grandchild care,developing public training programs on grandchild care to help them better manage relation⁃ships with their children and grandchildren,avoiding the negative impact of intergenerational conflicts on mental health,and striving to create a harmonious family atmosphere.Flexible work policies should be formulated for youngold who undertake dual roles of work and caregiving,support young-old participating in grandchild care to integrate in⁃to multi-generational housing models,and fund improvements in the living conditions of multi-generational families.
作者 韩翱翔 温勇 宗占红 HAN Ao-xiang;WEN Yong;ZONG Zhan-hong(College of Science,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210023,China;School of Sociology and Population Studies,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210023)
出处 《西北人口》 CSSCI 北大核心 2024年第6期114-125,共12页 Northwest Population Journal
基金 国家社会科学基金一般项目“积极老龄化视角下老年友好型社区构建研究”(项目编号:20BRK030)。
关键词 年轻老年人 隔代照料 心理健康 调节效应 Young-old Grandchild Care Psychological Health Moderating Effects
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