构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制

Building a High-Standard Socialist Market Economy

党的二十届三中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》,提出“构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制”。对照高水平的要求,当前还存在明显的短板与弱项。比如,各类市场主体仍缺乏公平竞争环境,存在市场准入壁垒,政府与市场边界需进一步厘清;市场体系仍不健全,各类要素市场发育不充分;以开放促改革,仍需大幅提升“一带一路”共建水平。因此,构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制,需要进一步完善社会主义基本经济制度,对国有企业和民营企业一视同仁,厘清政府与市场边界,实现有效市场和有为政府更好结合;促进各类要素市场发育,建设全国统一大市场;以科技创新行动计划,推进“一带一路”高质量共建机制。

The Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Deepening Reform Comprehensively to Advance Chinese Modernization,adopted at the third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,emphasizes"building a high-standard socialist market economy"and highlights that"a high-standard socialist market economy provides an important guarantee for Chinese modernization."China's fundamental socialist economic system forms the foundation for building a high-standard socialist market economy,which places higher expectations on state-owned enterprises(SOEs).The third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China clarified that"state capital will be steered toward major industries and key fields that are vital to national security and serve as the lifeblood of the national economy,toward sectors such as public services,emergency re⁃sponse,and public welfare,which concern our country's prosperity and our people's well-being,and toward forward-looking and strategic emerging industries."State capital is a strategically allocated and limited resource;its allocation should prioritize areas where it is urgently needed and can play an irreplaceable role.The third plenary session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China also stated"We will continue to implement principles and policies that help foster a favorable envi⁃ronment and create more opportunities for the development of the non-public sector."This reflects a crucial initiative to uphold the commitment to the development of both the public and non-public sectors.Staying committed to unswervingly encouraging,supporting,and guiding the development of the non-public sector,forms a cornerstone and driving force in building a high-stan⁃dard socialist market economy.The plenary session also stressed the importance of building a high-standard socialist market economy:"We must better leverage the role of the market,foster a fairer and more dynamic market environment,and make re⁃source allocation as efficient and productive as possible.We need to lift restrictions on the market while ensuring effective regu⁃lation and strive to better maintain order in the market and remedy market failures.By doing so,we will ensure smooth flows in the national economy and unleash the internal driving forces and creativity of the whole of society."Effectively managing the balance between"lifting restrictions on the market"and"ensuring effective regulation"has been a longstanding priority in Chi⁃na's economic reform.Market dynamism relies on the market itself,while effective regulation depends on government action.Ul⁃timately,achieving this balance entails harmonizing the dialectical relationship between an efficient market and a well-function⁃ing government.Only through their organic integration can we build a high-standard socialist market economy.Reforms for the market-based allocation of factors of production are crucial to building a high-standard socialist market economy.The Communist Party of China called for improvements,stating that"The institutions and rules for production factor markets will be improved to facilitate the smooth flow of production factors,the efficient allocation of all types of resources,and the full realization of market potential."This entails further deepening the market-based allocation of factors of production to"develop better mechanisms to ensure the contributions of production factors,such as labor,capital,land,knowledge,technolo⁃gy,management,and data,are determined by the market and rewarded accordingly,"thereby facilitating the smooth flow of pro⁃duction factors and the efficient allocation of all types of resources.The Belt and Road serves as an international cooperation platform for building a high-standard socialist market economy.The Belt and Road Initiative and the construction of a high-standard socialist market economy are mutually promotive and inter⁃dependent.The role of a high-standard socialist market economy within the Belt and Road Initiative primarily involves optimiz⁃ing and upgrading the domestic industrial structure,embracing the concept that the Chinese Dream"belongs to China but also to the world,"fostering inland economic development by building connections over land and sea,and exploring an alternative path beyond the Western model.This alternative seeks to enhance international trade connectivity,strengthen economic securi⁃ty,and facilitate the global allocation of resources,including technology,markets,capital,labor,data,and energy.Conversely,jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative must strictly adhere to market economy principles.Any practices inconsistent with market norms should be reformed to leverage openness as a driver of further reforms,thereby advancing the development of a high-standard socialist market economy.