数字资本的三重界限:基于《资本论》的分析

Three Boundaries of Digital Capital:An Analysis Based on Capital

数字资本是数字经济发展的重要引擎,而数字经济的健康规范发展需要数字资本在其循环周转的各个阶段明确相应的界限。在买卖阶段,数字资本要明确使用价值和价值相统一的界限。数字资本支付的工资要与其对数字劳动力的实际使用相一致,而其出卖的数字商品要能够满足其购买者的美好生活需要。在流通阶段,数字资本要明确一般等价物与特殊劳动产品相统一的界限。与数字劳动力相交换的数字资本必须是作为劳动产品的一般等价物,而与数字商品购买者相交换的数字资本必须是作为一般等价物的特殊劳动产品。在生产阶段,数字资本要明确使用价值生产与剩余价值生产相统一的界限。数字产品的使用价值在根本上表现为能够带来科技革命和产业变革的新机遇,因此数字资本必须将使用价值的生产调整到推动新质生产力快速发展的正确轨道上来。

Digital capital is an important engine for the development of the digital economy,and the healthy and standardized development of the digital economy requires digital capital to follow corresponding boundaries at various stages of its circulation and turnover.Firstly,in the buying and selling stage,digital capital should follow the boundary of unity between use value and value.The wages paid by digital capital should be consistent with its actual use of digital labor,and the digital goods it sells should be able to meet the buyers'needs for a better life.Secondly,in the circulation stage,digital capital should follow the boundary between general equivalents and special labor products.The digital capital exchanged with digital labor must be labor products,while the digital capital exchanged with digital commodity buyers must be a general equivalent.Thirdly,in the pro⁃duction stage,digital capital should follow the boundary between the production of use value and the production of surplus val⁃ue.The use value of digital products fundamentally manifests as new opportunities for technological revolution and industrial transformation.Therefore,digital capital must adjust the production of use value to the correct track of promoting the rapid de⁃velopment of new qualitative productivity.