摘要
目的 了解2021年河南省市售食品中沙门菌污染状况、血清型、耐药性和分子分型特征。方法 参照2021年度《国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》,在河南省内36个监测点采集市售食品,对采集的食品样品开展沙门菌检测。结果 共采集市售食品样本2 074份,总检出率为1.40%(29/2 074)。各食品类别中,肉及肉制品检出率最高(6.21%,20/322)。各采样环节中,农贸市场中沙门菌检出率最高(2.61%,11/421)。所有沙门菌均在散装样品中检出,预包装样品中无检出。冬春季(0.83%,3/360)与夏秋季(1.52%,26/1 714)食品中检出率差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.008,P>0.05)。检出的30株沙门菌分属于7个群,鉴定为20种不同血清型,B群占比最多(43.33%,13/30),其中占比较高的血清型别为阿贡纳沙门菌10.00%(3/30)和德尔卑沙门菌10.00%(3/30)。76.67%的沙门菌均出现不同程度耐药,70.00%的沙门菌为多重耐药,有4株菌对10种及10种以上抗生素耐药,占所有耐药株的17.39%,最高出现了对13种抗生素耐药。30株沙门菌共产生29种PFGE带型,相似度为49.5%~100.0%,PFGE图谱100%相似的菌株仅有两株。结论 河南省市售食品中沙门菌污染率较高,且耐药性比较严重,出现了大比例的多重耐药情况,但无明显优势耐药谱。河南省沙门菌血清型别呈多态性,不存在明显优势血清型。PFGE带型呈现多样性,没有明显的优势带型,说明河南省食源性沙门菌存在高度散发的流行特征。
Objective To investigate the contamination status,serotype,drug resistance and molecular typing characteristics of Salmonella in retail food in Henan province in 2021.Methods According to the Manual for National Food Safety Risk Monitoring(2021),retail food was collected from 36 monitoring sites in Henan,Salmonella were tested.Results A total of 2074 food samples were collected from 36 monitoring sites,with a total positive rate of 1.40%(29/2074).The highest detection rate of Salmonella was obtained from meat and meat products(6.21%,20/322).Contamination of Salmonella was the highest in farmers’markets(2.61%,11/421).All Salmonella were detected in bulk food and none in prepackaged food.The detection rate in summer and autumn(1.52%,26/1714)was higher than that in winter and spring(0.83%,3/360),but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=1.008,P>0.05).The 30 Salmonella isolates were serotyped into 20 distinct serovars and Group B was the most prevalent(43.33%,13/30).The highest proportion serotype were Salmonella Agona 10.00%(3/30)and Salmonella Delpy 10.00%(3/30).30 strains of Salmonella produced a total of 29 PFGE band types,the similarity was within 49.5%~100.0%.There were only two strains with 100%similar PFGE band pattern.Conclusion The contamination rate of Salmonella in food in Henan province is high,and the drug resistance is relatively serious.There is a large proportion of multiple drug resistance,but there is no obvious dominant drug resistance spectrum.The serotypes of Salmonellas were polymorphic and there was no obvious dominant serotype.The PFGE types showed diversity,and there was no obvious dominant type,indicating that foodborne Salmonella in He’nan Province has a highly sporadic epidemic characteristics.
作者
崔莹
张广伟
王钰
戚浩彧
邱正勇
张濛
李辉
李永利
刁琳琪
CUI Ying;ZHANG Guangwei;WANG Yu;QI Haoyu;QIU Zhengyong;ZHANG Meng;LI Hui;LI Yongli;DIAO Linqi(He’nan Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control,He’nan Provincial Key Laboratory for Food Safety Risk Monitoring,He’nan Provincial Key Laboratory for Foodborne Disease Pathogen Tracing,He’nan Zhengzhou450016,China)
出处
《中国食品卫生杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期934-940,共7页
Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene
基金
2021年度河南省医学科技攻关计划(联合共建)项目(LHGJ20210154)。
关键词
沙门菌
市售食品
血清型
耐药性
分子分型
Salmonella
retail food
serotype
drug resistance
molecular typing