基于政策创新扩散理论的我国社会办医政策扩散分析

Analysis of the diffusion of social medical policies in China based on the policy innovation diffusion theory

目的:在国家大力推动社会资本举办医疗机构的背景下,分析社会办医政策的扩散规律,为促进社会办医提供参考。方法:检索2022年12月31日前发布的社会办医政策,从政策扩散强度、广度、速度和方向4个方面,深入分析社会办医政策的扩散特征。结果:社会办医政策的发展可以划分为4个阶段。中央颁布的社会办医政策,扩散强度和扩散广度较高,政策扩散速度先增加后减弱,政策扩散方向以“平行”和“自上而下”的扩散模式为主。结论:社会办医政策扩散呈阶段性变化,政策扩散受到发展阶段、颁布机构和类型的影响,中央政府颁布的意见和通知类政策更易于推广,建议地方政府提高自身政策创新能力,促进社会办医政策扩散。

Objective:In the context of the national promotion of private sector investment in healthcare institutions,this study aims to analyze the diffusion patterns of social medical policies to provide references for promoting private healthcare.Methods:Social medical policies issued before December 31,2022,were retrieved,and the diffusion characteristics of these policies were analyzed in depth from four aspects:diffusion intensity,breadth,speed,and direction.Results:The development of social medical policies can be divided into four stages.Policies issued by the central government exhibit higher diffusion intensity and breadth,with diffusion speed initially increasing and then slowing.The diffusion direction primarily follows"parallel"and"top-down"patterns.Conclusion:The diffusion of social medical policies shows phased changes and is influenced by the development stage,issuing institution,and policy type.Opinions and notifications issued by the central government are more likely to be promoted.It is recommended that local governments enhance their capacity for policy innovation to further facilitate the diffusion of social medical policies.