明晰化视域下《红楼梦》报道动词“道”的翻译对比研究

A Comparative Study on the Translation of the ReportingVerb dao in A Dream of Red Mansions fromthe Perspective of Explicitation

本文基于绍兴文理学院汉英平行语料库,考察明晰化视域下,杨宪益、戴乃迭译本(以下简称杨译本)和霍克斯、闵福德译本(以下简称霍译本)对《红楼梦》前八十回中林黛玉使用频率最高的报道动词“道”的翻译选择及其动因。研究发现:杨译本在翻译报道动词“道”时,相对注重对人物之间的身份关系、交际目的和言外之意加以明示,词汇丰富度高于霍译本,且有时采用增译或改译的方法;霍译本对报道动词“道”的明晰化程度低于杨译本,相对注重对人物的话语方式和心理状态加以明示,且大多采用直译的方法。究其原因,这种差异主要与译者的文化身份有关。

Based on the parallel corpus of Shaoxing University,this paper studies the explicitation of the most frequently used reporting verb dao of Lin Daiyu’s speech in the first eighty chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions.The paper compares the two English versions,Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang’s translation(hereinafter referred to as Yang’s translation)and Hawkes and Minford’translation(hereinafter referred to as Hawkes’s translation),to investigate the translation strategies and translation purposes.The paper finds that the lexical richness of Yang’s translation is higher than Hawkes’s translation.It employs various types of reporting verbs to translate dao,clarifying the interpersonal relationships,communicative purposes and implications of the characters.Amplification and adaptation are adopted in Yang’s translation.The explicitation degree of the reporting verb dao in Hawkes’s translation is relatively lower,focusing more on explicitly expressing characters’speech styles and psychological states.Literal translation is the predominant method in Hawkes’s translation.The paper finds that these differences are primarily related to the translators’cultural identity.