大数据时代下个人信息保护刑事附带民事公益诉讼的思考

Reflection on Civil Public Interest Litigation Attached to Personal Information Protection in the Era of Big Data

《个人信息保护法》第70条首次以立法形式确立了个人信息保护公益诉讼制度,检察机关成为提起公益诉讼主体。通过提起刑事附带民事公益诉讼保护公民个人信息安全具有较强的现实意义和理论支撑。社会防卫刑罚理念的变迁、多种制裁措施的综合运用、参与社会治理的必然选择以及公共利益保护的强烈诉求是个人信息保护刑事附带民事公益诉讼的理论基点。然而,公共利益的保护、诉前公告程序的履行、赔偿金制度的建立以及损害赔偿金额的确定等实体与程序问题仍需不断深化与完善。唯其如此,刑事附带民事公益诉讼才会在个人信息保护领域大有作为,才能够有效保护公民个人信息安全。

Article 70 of the Personal Information Protection Law first established the public interest litigation system of personal information protection in the form of legislation,and the procuratorial organ has become the subject of public interest litigation.It is of strong practical significance and theoretical support to protect the security of citizens’personal information.The change of the concept of social defense penalty,the comprehensive application of various sanctions,the inevitable choice of participating in social governance and the strong appeal of public interest protection are the theoretical basis of civil public interest litigation attached to personal information protection.However,the entity and procedural issues such as the protection of the public interest,the performance of the procedure of the announcement before litigation,the establishment of the compensation system and the determination of the amount of damages still need to be deepened and improved.Only in this way,the civil public interest litigation attached to criminal will make a great role in the field of personal information protection and effectively protect the security of citizens’personal information.