集成电磁作动器的主轴铣削强迫振动主动控制

Active control of forced vibration in spindle milling with integrated electromagnetic actuator

铣削加工振动会加剧刀具磨损,降低零件加工精度,振动抑制是铣削加工领域的研究热点。为抑制铣削强迫振动,提高加工系统的稳定性,提出一种集成电磁作动器的主轴-刀具系统,将电磁作动器装夹于主轴-刀具系统中,并作用于刀柄位置,利用电磁作动器的可控电磁力进行振动抑制。介绍了系统的结构和工作原理,并建立了系统的铣削动力学模型。基于电磁作动器的工作原理,设计了PD控制器,并对所搭建的动力学模型和控制器进行仿真验证。采集机床振动信号,在模拟刀具工作的转子实验台上进行外部激振实验。仿真和实验结果表明,PD控制下,基于电磁作动器的主轴-刀具系统可有效抑制铣削加工过程中的强迫振动。

Milling vibration problems can increase tool wear and reduce part machining accuracy,the suppression of which is a hot research topic in the field of milling.In order to suppress forced vibration in milling and enhance the stability of the machining system,a spindle-tool system is proposed based on electromagnetic actuators technology.The electromagnetic actuators are mounted in the spindle-tool system and acts on the toolholder position,using its controlled electromagnetic force for vibration suppression.Firstly,the structure and working principle of the system is described and the milling dynamics of the system is modelled.Secondly,based on the working principle of electromagnetic actuators,a PD controller is designed and the dynamic model and controller are simulated and verified.Finally,machine vibration signals are collected and external excitation experiments are carried out on a rotor test bench simulating tool process.Simulation and experimental results show that the spindle-tool system based on electromagnetic actuators under PD control law can effectively suppress the forced vibrations during the milling process.