考虑站点类型的城市轨道交通接驳方式选择建模与分析

Modeling and Analysis of Urban Rail Transit Connection Mode Selection Considering Station Type

为更精确地揭示出行者对城市轨道交通接驳方式选择的决策机制,将站点类型作为无序多分类变量引入混合Logit模型,以分析出行者接驳方式的选择行为。首先,通过聚类分析获取轨道交通站点类型数据;然后,结合KDTree空间搜索及网络爬虫获得的交通方式特性数据,以及通过RP调查获得的出行者特性数据,建立城市轨道交通接驳方式选择的混合Logit模型;最后,通过敏感性分析探讨不同类型轨道交通站点的接驳特性以及出行者对接驳方式的选择行为。研究结果表明:接驳距离、接驳费用、接驳时长、收入、出行目的、职业、年龄、性别、同行人数、学历以及接驳时间段均与接驳方式的选择显著相关;与中心型城市轨道交通站点相比,出行者在边缘型站点时倾向选择摩托车、公交车、私家车、出租车或网约车接驳,在混合型轨道交通站点倾向选择自行车或公交车接驳,不同站点类型的出行者对接驳方式选择的敏感性存在差异。由此可见,站点类型对站点接驳方式结构具有一定影响,可采取优化中心型站点接驳设施,提高边缘型站点公共交通的可达性,并完善混合型站点非机动接驳方式的基础设施等措施,来满足不同类型站点出行者的需求。

To more accurately reveal the decision-making mechanism of travelers'connection modes of urban rail transit,this paper introduced station type as a disordered multi-categorical variable into the mixed Logit model to analyze travelers'choice behavior of connection modes.A mixed Logit model for connecting mode selection of urban rail transit was established by clustering rail stations to obtain station types,combining the traffic mode and travelers′characteristics data obtained from KDTree spatial search and web crawl and RP investigation.The connection characteristics of different types of rail stations and travelers'choice behavior of connecting mode were explored by sensitivity analysis.The results showed that the connection distance,connection cost,connection duration,income,travel purpose,occupation,age,gender,number of peers,education level,and connection time were significantly correlated with connection mode selection.Compared with the central type of urban rail transit station,travelers tended to choose motorcycles,buses,private car,taxis or ride-hailing connections at the edge type of urban rail transit station,and bicycle or bus connections at the mixed type of urban rail transit station.Travelers of different station types have different sensitivity to connection mode selection.As can be seen,station type has a certain impact on the structure of station connection mode.Measures could be taken to optimize the connection facilities of central stations,improve the accessibility of public transportation at edge stations,and improve the infrastructure of non motorized connections at mixed stations to meet the needs of travelers at different types of stations.