近20年珠江枯水期“压咸补淡”应急水量调度形势、策略与启示

Situation, strategy and enlightenment of emergency water regulation of suppressingsaltwater and replenishing freshwater in the Pearl Riverduring the dry seasons in recent 20 years

过去20年,珠江流域来水时空分布不均、洪旱灾害交替并存、咸潮频繁上溯,水文情势复杂多变,珠江枯水期“压咸补淡”应急水量调度成为应对水资源供需矛盾、保障流域城乡供水安全的关键举措。分析了近20年珠江流域枯水期“压咸补淡”应急水量调度总体形势,探讨了应急调水实践中面临的难点,梳理了不同阶段调度工程体系总体布局,归纳了不同阶段调度技术策略的变化。针对未来可能的供水风险,从优化水资源配置工程布局、水库群优化调控等方面,提出了前瞻性的调控策略建议。

Over the past 20 years,the Pearl River Basin has faced uneven spatiotemporal distribution of water inflow,alternating floods and droughts,and frequent saltwater intrusion,leading to complex and variable hydrological conditions.The emergency water supply scheduling during the dry season for salinity suppression and freshwater replenishment has become a crucial measure to address water supply and demand contradictions and ensure water security for urban and rural areas in the basin.This paper analyzes the overall situation of emergency water regulation for salinity suppression and freshwater replenishment during dry seasons in the Pearl River Basin over the past two decades,explores the challenges encountered in this emergency water regulation practice,summarizes the overall layout of scheduling engineering systems at different stages,and categorizes the corresponding scheduling strategies adopted.Aiming at potential future water supply risks,the paper proposes forward-looking adaptive control strategies from aspects such as optimizing the layout of water resource allocation projects and the optimal regulation of reservoir groups.