2型糖尿病病证结合动物模型研究进展

Progress in Animal Models of Type 2 Diabetes with Disease-Zheng(证)Combination

2型糖尿病是由于胰岛素分泌缺陷或胰岛素作用障碍所致的一种疾病,并以内分泌代谢紊乱为特征,引起各种并发症,严重威胁着人类的健康。中医药治疗2型糖尿病有悠久的历史,具有明显的优势,是2型糖尿病研究的热点方向。而厘清2型糖尿病病理病机,寻找预防和治疗措施,阐明中医药治疗2型糖尿病的优势和特色,需要建立合适的、与人类2型糖尿病相类似的动物模型。文章以2型糖尿病中医辨证分型为基础,通过查询相关中外文数据库,进行归纳、分析、总结,得到气阴两虚、阴阳两虚、阴虚热盛、脾虚、肾虚、瘀血六种2型糖尿病类型,并得出当前2型糖尿病病证结合动物模型大多采用大鼠作为模型动物,使用疾病造模因素与证候造模因素相叠加的方法来建立模型,并通过2型糖尿病指标及证候指标来评判模型是否成功。但目前2型糖尿病病证结合动物模型由于造模动物种类不足,造模混乱,无法同中医的辨证分型有效结合、评判标准不一等不足,导致无法较好的为中医药研究2型糖尿病相关病证提供相适应的模型。为了更好地制备符合中医基础理论的2型糖尿病病证结合动物模型,需要更深入地研究客观、定量、科学的评判标准,以期为2型糖尿病中药的新药开发、研究、选择提供参考。

Type 2 diabetes is a disease caused by defects in insulin secretion or dysfunction of insulin action,characterized by endocrine metabolic disorders,leading to various complications that seriously threaten human health.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has a long history in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and has significant advantages,making it a hot topic in type 2 diabetes research.To clarify the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes,identify preventive and treatment measures,and elucidate the advantages and characteristics of TCM in treating type 2 dia-betes,it is necessary to establish suitable animal models that resemble human type 2 diabetes.Based on the Bianzheng(辨证)in TCM in type 2 diabetes,this study,by conducting a comprehensive review,analysis,and summary based on relevant databases in China and abroad,i-dentified six types of type 2 diabetes:Qiyinliangxu(气阴两虚),Yinyangliangxu(阴阳两虚),Yinxuresheng(阴虚热盛),Pixu(脾虚),Shenxu(肾虚),and Yuxue(瘀血).The study also found that most current animal models of type 2 diabetes with disease-Zheng(证)com-bination in TCM use rats as model animals.These models were established by combining disease modeling factors with Zheng modeling fac-tors,and the success of the models was assessed using type 2 diabetes indicators and Zheng indicators.However,current animal models of type 2 diabetes with disease-Zheng combination in TCM have several shortcomings,including a lack of diversity in model animals,model con-fusion,failure in combination with Bianzheng and classification in TCM,and inconsistent evaluation criteria,hindering the development of suit-able models for studying type 2 diabetes-related Zheng in TCM.To better prepare animal models of type 2 diabetes with the disease-Zheng combination aligning with the basic theories of TCM,deeper research into objective,quantitative,and scientific evaluation criteria is required,aiming to provide references for the development,research,and selection of new drugs in TCM for type 2 diabetes.