注意缺陷多动障碍共患心血管疾病机制的研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbid with cardiovascular disease

近年来,注意缺陷多动障碍与心血管疾病之间的关联日益受到关注,注意缺陷多动障碍患者患心血管疾病的风险明显增加,了解其发病机制并及早进行识别、干预十分重要。注意缺陷多动障碍共患心血管疾病的机制可以分为生物学机制和行为学机制,其中生物学机制包括遗传相关性、炎症反应失调、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴失调、氧化应激、脂类物质异常等,行为学机制包括肥胖、吸烟、精神合并症和药物治疗等。本文旨在对注意缺陷多动障碍共患心血管疾病风险机制的最新研究进展进行综述,以期为注意缺陷多动障碍共患心血管疾病的识别、诊治、预防提供思路。

In recent years,the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and cardiovascular disease has attracted increasing attention.The risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with ADHD is significantly increased.It is very important to understand its pathogenesis and early identification and intervention.The mechanisms of ADHD comorbid with cardiovascular disease can be divided into biological and behavioral mechanisms.The biological mechanisms include genetic correlation,inflammatory dysregulation,hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis imbalance,oxidative stress,and lipid abnormalities,etc.The behavioral mechanisms include obesity,smoking,psychiatric comorbidities,and drug treatment,etc.This article aims to review the latest research progress on the risk mechanism of ADHD comorbid with cardiovascular disease,in order to provide ideas for the identification,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of ADHD comorbid with cardiovascular disease.