西部文学的时空美学与叙事母题

The Space-Time Aesthetics and Narrative Motifs of China's Western Literature

在中国当代文学的时空美学危机背景下,西部的空间意义得以凸显。滞缓的时间与边缘的空间是西部叙事产生的逻辑基础,催生出西部文学的原乡母题,时间的还乡指向于历史的寻根,而更彻底的还乡是在逻辑架构上回到自然与人、人与人的基本关系上来建构民族文化身份。回到自然与人维度,西部文学孕育出自然崇拜与生命意识等具体形态。回到人与人维度,西部文学对权力秩序与异化有穿透性认识,在对现代题材演绎中构筑起回归古典生存真相的反现代性叙事,在生命力主题与权力秩序的复合主题下,英雄悲剧、“殉”叙事成为其叙事典型。

In the modernity narrative system of Chinese literature since the 20th century,timeliness is endowed with strong value judgment,and the dominant temporal aesthetics dismantles the classical spatial value.This has led to the covering of the localization by modernity and post-modernity,and the covering of the national identity by the global narratives.The concept of Chinese path to modernization emerges as a counteraction against the entrenched discourse power of modernity,representing a resistance by spatial aesthetics multiplicity to the monopolization of the temporal discourse aesthetics.Within the context of contemporary literature s crisis in the space-time aesthetics,the significance of the Western space is highlighted,and the aesthetic exploration of Western literature is thereby incorporated into the construction of Chinese modern aesthetics.The sluggish time and marginal space constitute the logical basis for Western narrative,giving rise to the original hometown motif of China's Western literature.The temporal form of the West is directed towards a firm sense of historical root-searching and home consciousness,generating a profound nostalgic aesthetics.The marginal and disadvantaged Western space points towards a carefree regional aesthetics.To explore the essence of the native culture of Western literature involves not only a return to its temporal and spatial dimensions but also a reverting to construct the national cultural identity in the logical framework of the relationships between nature-human and human-human,that is,to return to the original constituent elements of the world framework to understand both self and environment.The Western hometown pulls people back to the primitive relationship between nature and humans.In this dimension,Western literature takes nature worship and life consciousness as the logical starting point,spreading the value space system of Western literature from land worship to pantheism-supernatural worship,to suffering-life consciousness,and to religion-moral consciousness.In the human-human dimension,Western literature has a penetrating understanding of power order and alienation while crafting anti-modern narratives that seek truth rooted in classical existence amidst contemporary themes.In the composite theme of vitality and power hierarchies,heroic tragedy and“martyrdom”narratives emerge as typical forms of Western narrative.The internal core of the“martyrdom”narrative is manifested in overly lofty goals,tenacious pursuits,and desolate endings.The combination of these three constitutes the contrast between the destruction of heroes and the persistence of heroic willpower.Aesthetically speaking,the cold realism and passionate idealism are fused together,creating a contrasting tension in the heroic narrative.The value reflection on heroic tragedies points to the introduction of modern concepts and the unfolding of modern narratives,while civilizational conflicts and revolutionary narratives carry out this modernity narratives through the richness of their themes of the times.