用于高精度电动钻孔器的复合力传感器设计

Design of Composite Force Sensor for High-precision Electric Drilling Machine

设计了一种用于高精度电动钻孔器的复合力传感器,能够为电动钻孔器的转速及进给速度的自动调节提供准确有效的反馈判断参数。传感器安装在电动钻孔器的驱动轴和钻头之间,能够将钻头受到的扭矩和沿轴线方向的阻力实时反馈给控制机构。传感器的旋转轴和弹性体采用一体式结构,通过力学计算确定了其应变与扭矩和轴向阻力成近似线性关系;利用有限元方法分析了弹性体的应变分布、扭力和阻力之间的相互影响和极限形变;通过实验,得到了传感器的解耦矩阵。实践表明,传感器扭矩信号的灵敏度可达2.6 mV·V^(-1),综合测量误差≤0.5%,阻力信号的灵敏度可达2.2 mV·V^(-1),综合测量误差≤2%。传感器安装在电动钻孔器上,能够将扭矩信息和阻力信息实时反馈给控制机构,有助于电动钻孔器及时和准确地对转速和进给速度进行主动调节。

To achieve automatic adjustment of the speed and feed rate of the electric drill and provide accurate and effective feedback judgment parameters for the motor control system.A sensor is installed between the drive shaft of the electric drill and the drill bit to provide real-time feedback to the control mechanism on the torque and resistance along the axis of the drill bit.The rotation axis of the sensor is also an elastic body,and its strain is approximately linearly related to torque and axial resistance,as determined through mechanical calculations.The finite element method was used to analyze the strain distribution,mutual influence between torque and resistance,and ultimate deformation of the elastic body.Experiments were conducted to derive the decoupling matrix of the sensor.The sensitivity of the torque signal of the sensor can reach 2.6 mV/V,with a comprehensive measurement error of≤0.5%.The sensitivity of the resistance signal can reach 2.2 mV/V,with a comprehensive measurement error of≤2%.The sensor,when installed on the electric drill,which can provides real-time feedback on torque and resistance to the control mechanism,enabling the electric drill to adjust the speed and feed rate more accurately and promptly.