冷屋顶和外遮阳改善夏季建筑热环境效果的实验研究

Experimental Investigation on the Effect of Cool Roofs and External Shading to Improve the Thermal Environment of Buildings in Summer

在夏季炎热的气候条件下,采用简单的被动冷却措施可以有效减少建筑物冷负荷,从而降低夏季空调能耗。然而,目前很少有研究对综合应用两种被动技术的降温和热舒适改善效果进行评估和量化。通过现场测试研究同时使用冷屋顶和外遮阳措施对室内温度、围护结构内外表面温度和玻璃温度的影响,以评估这两种措施对建筑热环境的改善效果。测试结果表明,对比房间的屋顶温度比环境空气温度高出约5.3℃,而冷屋顶可以将屋顶外表面温度降低到低于环境空气温度;使用遮阳百叶可以将玻璃外表面温度降低11.4℃左右。当两种冷却技术同时使用时,室内温度降低了2℃(从30.7℃降至28.7℃)。这种综合系统对于提高建筑能效、改善室内热舒适度并减少对空调的依赖具有重要的作用。

In hot summer climates,the application of simple passive cooling measures can effectively reduce the cooling loads of buildings and thus reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning systems.However,there is limited research on the evaluation and quantification of the cooling and thermal comfort improvement effects of integrating two passive techniques.The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the simultaneous use of cool roofs and external shading measures on indoor temperatures,building envelope surface temperatures and glass temperatures through field testing to assess the effectiveness of these two measures in improving the thermal environment of buildings.The results of the test suggest that the temperature of the roof in the reference room is about 5.3℃greater than that of the surrounding air.However,if highly reflective coatings are implemented,the roof surface temperature can fall below that of the ambient air.Additionally,the use of shading blinds can decrease the temperature of the glass surface by roughly 11.4℃.When both cooling techniques are applied concurrently,the indoor temperature drops by 2℃(from 30.7℃to 28.7℃).This integrated system is essential for enhancing the efficiency of building energy,as well as for improving indoor thermal comfort and reducing the need for air conditioning.