多源传感信息融合在窄间隙激光焊接过程监控中的应用

Application of multi-sensor information fusion in monitoring narrow-gap laser welding process

随着海工装备向着深水化、大型化方向发展,高性能厚板的应用越来越广泛,对热输入敏感的厚壁结构件焊接质量要求逐渐提高。窄间隙激光焊接可以在降低焊缝填充量的同时减少接头变形和降低残余应力,提高生产效率。为了对窄间隙焊接过程进行质量控制,需要开发出准确而有效的焊缝跟踪与焊接过程监控系统。在焊接中仅使用单一传感器提取到的信号有限,难以全面反映焊接过程信息,基于多传感器的多源信息融合技术被应用于窄间隙激光焊接过程监控。利用多源传感技术,选择合理的信息融合算法,建立适用于窄间隙激光焊接过程的多源信息融合模型,将获得更加精确、更加全面的描述焊接过程状态的信息,焊缝跟踪精度和效率将有望提高。这对于实现厚壁结构件的优质高效焊接,促进海洋装备制造技术的发展与进步具有重要科学意义和经济价值。

With the development of offshore equipment towards deep water and large scale,applications of high-performance thick plates are more and more extensive,and welding quality requirements of thick walled structural parts sensitive to heat input are gradually increasing.Narrow-gap laser welding can reduce deformation and residual stress of welded joints while reducing filling amount of weld and improving production efficiency.In order to control quality of narrow-gap welding process,it is necessary to develop an accurate and effective seam tracking and welding process monitoring system.The signal acquired by a single sensor is limited,and it is difficult to fully reflect welding process information.Multi-sensor-based information fusion technology is applied to monitoring laser narrow-gap welding process.By using multi-source sensing technology and selecting a proper information fusion algorithm,a multi-source information fusion model suitable for the narrow gap laser welding process can be established to obtain more accurate and comprehensive information describing state of welding process,and precision and efficiency of seam tracking are expected to be improved.It has important scientific significance and economic value for realizing high-quality and efficient welding of thick-walled structural parts and promoting development and progress of marine equipment manufacturing technology in China.