Optimization method of reef structure design based on hydrodynamic model

基于水动力模型的鱼礁结构设计优化方法

Artificial fish reef is a kind of artificial structure in water,which provides a necessary and safe place for aquatic life such as fish to inhabit,grow,and breed,and creates an environment suitable for fish growth,so as to protect and multiply fishery resources.In a large time scale,the physical process of sea area can deeply affect the chemical process and biological process,so the structure characteristics of artificial reef are the key factors affecting the flow field effect around the reef.In this study,through the hydrodynamic experiments of four kinds of reef models,including big windows box reef,big and small windows box reef,"(卐)"shaped reef and double-layer shellfish breeding reef,the influence of single reef structure on the flow field effect is analyzed,and the force conditions of different reefs under the same incoming current velocity are obtained.According to the simulation results,the safety research and calculation of five kinds of reef models are carried out,and the volumes of vortex area and upwelling area behind four kinds of reef are obtained.Using hydrodynamic model to simulate the flow field effect of reef area,optimizing the reef structure design,improving the maximum biological trapping and proliferation effect of reef,can provide theoretical guidance and scientific and technological support for the construction of reef area.

人工鱼礁是人为在水中设置的构造物,它为鱼类等水生生物栖息、生长、繁育提供必要、安全的场所,营造一个适宜鱼类生长的环境,从而达到保护增殖渔业资源的目的。在大的时间尺度上,海域的物理过程能深刻影响其中的化学过程和生物过程,因此人工鱼礁结构特征是影响鱼礁周围流场效应的关键因素,本研究通过大窗箱型鱼礁、大小窗箱型鱼礁、“卐(万)”字型鱼礁、双层贝类增殖礁4种鱼礁模型的水动力学试验,分析鱼礁单体结构对流场效应影响规律,得出在相同来流速度的情况下不同鱼礁的受力情况;根据模拟结果,对五种礁体模型进行安全性研究和核算,进而求得4种鱼礁背涡流区域和上升流区域的体积。运用水动力模型模拟鱼礁区的流场效应,优化鱼礁结构设计,提高鱼礁的生物诱集和增殖效应最大化,能够为鱼礁区的建设提供理论指导和科技支撑。