不同植物生长调节剂施用对水稻产量和品质的影响研究

Study on Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Yield and Quality of Rice

植物生长调节剂对水稻的生长发育与高产优质具有重要作用。为探明爱增多与金多收2种生长调节剂的施用对水稻产量与品质的影响,本研究以优质丰产水稻品种‘南粳5718’(苏审稻20210047,粳稻品种)和‘徽两优858’(皖稻2016023,籼稻品种)为试验品种,施用爱增多与金多收两种不同的植物生长调节剂,设置爱增多、金多收1、金多收2、空白对照4个处理,研究爱增多与金多收施用对水稻产量及其构成因素和稻米品质的影响,旨在阐明爱增多与金多收对水稻增产提质的效应。结果表明:施用爱增多促进水稻分蘖发生、颖花分化及灌浆结实,对粳稻增产效果明显;施用金多收1与金多收2对提高水稻有效穗数、籼稻稻穗分化和开花结实均有作用,施用金多收1对籼稻增产效果显著;‘徽两优858’在金多收1处理下的整精米率最高,‘南粳5718’4个处理下的整精米率之间均有显著差异;‘徽两优858’中最终黏度爱增多最高,金多收1的外观、口感与食味值均最高。‘南粳5718’中最终黏度金多收1最高,崩解值金多收2最高,消减值金多收2最低;爱增多的外观、黏度、平衡度、食味值均最高,硬度最低;直链淀粉含量表现为‘徽两优858’的空白最高,‘南粳5718’的金多收2最低。研究结果可为创新水稻优质丰产栽培技术、提高水稻生产效益提供理论参考。

Plant growth regulators play a crucial role in the growth,development,high yield and high quality of rice.This study aimed to investigate the effects of two growth regulators,Aizengduo and Jinduoshou,on rice yield and quality.The experiment was conducted with two high-yielding and quality rice varieties,‘Nanjing 5718’(approved by Jiangsu Province as 20210047,a japonica rice variety)and‘Huiliangyou 858’(approved by Anhui Province as 2016023,an indica rice variety).Four treatments were set up,including Aizengduo,Jinduoshou 1,Jinduoshou 2 and a blank control.The study focused on the impact of Aizengduo and Jinduoshou on rice yield and its components,as well as rice quality,to clarify the effects of these regulators on enhancing rice yield and quality.The results showed that applying Aizengduo promoted tillering,spikelet differentiation,and grain filling,significantly increasing the yield of japonica rice.The application of Jinduoshou 1 and Jinduoshou 2 improved the number of effective panicles and spike differentiation and flowering in indica rice,with Jinduoshou 1 having a significant effect on increasing indica rice yield.For‘Huiliangyou 858’,the head rice rate was highest under the Jinduoshou 1 treatment.Significant differences in head rice rate were observed among the four treatments for‘Nanjing 5718’.In‘Huiliangyou 858’,the final viscosity was highest with Aizengduo,and the appearance,palatability,and taste values were highest with Jinduoshou 1.For‘Nanjing 5718’,the highest final viscosity was observed with Jinduoshou 1,the highest breakdown value with Jinduoshou 2,and the lowest setback value with Jinduoshou 2.Aizengduo treatment resulted in the highest scores for appearance,viscosity,balance,taste value,and the lowest hardness.The amylose content was highest in the blank control for‘Huiliangyou 858’and lowest in Jinduoshou 2 for‘Nanjing 5718’.The study provides theoretical references for innovating high-yield and quality rice cultivation techniques and improving rice production efficiency.