国审棉花新品种‘聊棉15号’丰产稳产适应性及产量构成因素分析

Newly State-approved Cotton Variety‘Liaomian 15’:Analysis of High Yield,Stable Yield,Adaptability and Yield Composition Factors

为全面了解国审棉花新品种‘聊棉15号’的生产性能,利用2016—2018年黄河流域棉区中熟常规品种区域试验和生产试验数据,通过产量、高稳系数、增产点率、品种离优度和产量构成因素,对‘聊棉15号’的丰产性、稳定性、适应性及其产量构成因素进行了评价。结果表明:2016—2018年‘聊棉15号’平均皮棉产量1712 kg/hm^(2),较对照‘石抗126’增产16.77%,三年50个试验点次有49个点次增产。通径分析表明,总成铃数、铃重和衣分对‘聊棉15号’皮棉单产均具有直接的正向效应,对皮棉单产直接贡献大小表现为总成铃数>衣分>铃重。‘聊棉15号’是适合黄河流域棉区大面积推广的优良品种,生产中要在保证总成铃数的基础上,协调好三因素之间的关系,最大程度发挥品种的生产潜力,为保障国家棉花生产安全做贡献。

In order to comprehensively understand the production performance of the newly state-approved cotton variety‘Liaomian 15’,based on the data of the 2016-2018 regional tests of medium-ripe conventional varieties in the cotton area of the Yellow River Basin,the yield,high stability coefficient,yield increase point rate,variety deviation degree and yield components were used to comprehensively evaluate the high yield performance,stable yield property and adaptability of‘Liaomian 15’.The results showed that from 2016 to 2018,the average lint yield of‘Liaomian 15’was 1712 kg/hm^(2),which was increased by 16.77%compared to the control‘Shikang 126’.Out of 50 experimental points in three years,49 sites increased production.Path analysis showed that the total number of bolls,boll weight,and lint percentage had a direct positive effect on the lint yield of‘Liaomian 15’.The direct contribution to the lint yield was as follows:total number of bolls>lint percentage>boll weight.‘Liaomian 15’was an excellent variety suitable for large-scale promotion in the cotton area of the Yellow River Basin.In production,it was necessary to coordinate the relationship between the three factors while ensuring the total number of bolls,so as to maximize the production potential of the variety and contribute to ensuring the safety of national cotton production.