常规育种与分子模块设计育种的讨论——我50年大豆育种科学生涯(第二部分)

Conventional Breeding and Molecular Module Design Breeding-50 Years of My Scientific Career in Soybean Breeding(PartⅡ)

从1975年到2024年,我从事大豆育种研究整50年,主持和参加育成了大豆新品种69个,包括主配和决选的代表性新品种共15个。本文仅对我从事的常规育种和践行的分子模块设计育种和全基因组QTL-allele设计育种(组合设计和基因型设计)新方法作以回顾,阐述这几个育种方法的概念和技术路线及其瓶颈;提出依据作物育种进化的动力学机制,在发展生物育种的同时还要关注常规育种,尤其是实现生物育种和常规育种的有机结合,这是培育突破性品种的保障;提出科研带头人应具有的品格并表达“理念、思路、舍得、管理”的育种感悟,以期为科技人员的大豆育种之路提供铺垫。

From 1975 to 2024,I have been engaged in soybean breeding research for exactly 50 years.I have hosted and participated in the breeding of 69 new soybean varieties,including 15 representative new varieties that were mainly configured and finally selected.This article reviews the conventional breeding and the practice of molecular module design breeding and whole genome QTL-allele design breeding(combinatorial design and genotype design)that I been involved in.I elaborate on the concepts and technical routes of these breeding methods and their bottlenecks.I propose that based on the dynamics of crop breeding evolution,while developing biotechnological breeding,we should also pay attention to conventional breeding especially the organic combination of biotechnological breeding and conventional breeding,which is the guarantee for breeding breakthrough varieties.I describe the qualities that a scientific research leader should have and put forward the breeding insights of‘concept,thinking,sacrifice,and management’,in the hope of providing a foundation for the soybean breeding path and technological personnel.