基于抗倒伏性的大豆耐密性资源评价与筛选

Evaluation and Screening of Soybean Density Tolerance Resources Based on Lodging Resistance

为筛选在黑龙江省不同地区稳定耐密植的大豆资源,为大豆的区域栽培生产提供指导和理论依据,以黑龙江省不同生态区20份春大豆资源为材料,以哈尔滨、海伦和五大连池为环境背景,设置常规栽培区和高密度处理区两个处理,以高密区未倒伏占比与常规区未倒伏占比的比值作为耐密指数,基于耐密指数值,利用欧氏距离组间平均联接法对不同大豆品种进行聚类分析,对供试材料进行等级划分。同时,利用双标图数据分析方法进行耐密性种质资源的综合评价。结果显示:哈尔滨区域背景条件下,当欧氏距离为3.0时,初步将20个参试品种(系)划分为5大类,获得耐密植品种(系)7个;海伦区域背景下,欧氏距离为4.0时,初步将20个参试品种(系)划分为4大类,获得耐密植品种(系)3个;欧氏距离为4.0时,初步将20个参试品种(系)划分为4大类,获得耐密植品种(系)5个。双标图显示,耐密品种的耐密能力顺序为克豆87>牡豆56>黑农94>黑农531>克小粒1号>黑农311>龙海1号,多环境稳定性顺序为黑农94>龙海1号>克豆87>黑农531>黑农311>牡豆56>克小粒1号。综合比较而言,耐密性强且多环境稳定性较好的品种为黑农94、克豆87和黑农531。研究结果为提升区域大豆增产能力提供了理论依据和技术支持。

In order to select and obtain soybean materials with stable and dense planting characters in different regions of Heilongjiang Province,and provide guidance and theoretical basis for regional cultivation and production of soybeans,twenty spring soybean resources in different ecological regions of Heilongjiang province were used as materials,and conventional cultivation area and high-density treatment area of Harbin,Hailun and Wudalianchi were selected as environmental background to set up two treatment areas.Based on the density tolerance index,the ratio of the proportion of unlodging in the high-density area to the proportion of unlodging in the conventional area was used as the density tolerance index,and the cluster analysis of different soybean varieties was carried out by using the average connection method between Euclidean distance groups,and the grades of the tested materials were classified.At the same time,biplot data analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the density-tolerant germplasm resources.The results showed that under the background condition of Harbin area,when the Euclidean distance was 3.0,twenty varieties(line)were divided into five categories,and seven varieties(line)were obtained.When the Euclidean distance was 4.0,twenty tested varieties(line)were initially divided into four categories,and three varieties(line)were obtained.When the Euclidean distance was 4.0,twenty test varieties(line)were initially divided into four categories,and five varieties(line)were obtained.The biplot showed that the order of the density-tolerant varieties was Kedou 87>Mudou 56>Heinong 94>Heinong 531>Kexiaoli 1>Heinong 311>Longhai 1,and the order of multi-environmental stability was Heinong 94>Longhai 1>Kedou 87>Heinong 531>Heinong 311>Mudou 56>Kexiaoli 1.Heinong 94,Kedou 87 and Heinong 531 were the varieties with high density resistance and good multi-environmental stability.The results provided theoretical basis and technical support for improving regional soybean yield.