管道超声导波检测技术研究进展

Research progress in pipeline ultrasonic guided wave detection technology

超声导波检测技术是一种通过分析导波在管道中的传播特性来检测管道损伤的无损检测技术,在无损检测领域具有重要意义,尤其在管道损伤检测中应用广泛。首先,简要介绍了超声导波及其检测技术的基本原理,重点介绍了导波的激励与接收、导波的频散和多模态特性,以及导波的衰减特性。其次,综述了超声导波换能器和超声导波信号处理技术的研究进展,其中,重点关注了压电换能器、磁致伸缩换能器和电磁声换能器的优化与设计,以及针对小缺陷信号的增强与识别和导波多模态分离的应对策略。最后,展望了超声导波技术在未来的发展方向。

Ultrasonic guided wave testing technology is a nondestructive testing method that detects pipeline damages by analyzing the propagation characteristics of guided waves in pipelines.It holds significant importance in the field of nondestructive testing and is particularly widely used in pipeline damage detection.This paper first provided a brief introduction to the basic principles of ultrasonic guided waves and their detection technology,focusing on wave excitation and reception,wave dispersion and multi-mode,and wave attenuation characteristics.Subsequently,it reviewed the research progress of ultrasonic guided wave transducers and signal processing technology,with particular attention to the optimization and design of piezoelectric transducers,magnetostrictive transducers,and electromagnetic acoustic transducers.It also addressed strategies for enhancing and identifying small defect signals and for separating multiple guided wave modes.Finally,the paper discussed the future development directions of ultrasonic guided wave technology.