社会需要什么样的学校:对“去学校化社会”命题的检视

What Kind of Schools Does Society Need:A Review of the“Deschooling Society”

在“去学校化社会”生长的理论土壤中充斥着不科学的因素:空洞的理论基础、偏激的方法论以及片面的视角。“去学校化社会”在实践中存在缺陷:废除学校的行为近乎空想,而学习网络又偏于简单。学校教育并非像伊里奇认为的那样一无是处,若想让学校的前路更加光明,就必须正视学校功能,让学校回归到本身的教育职能,关注学生人性的培养。

Deschooling Society is the seminal work of Ivan Illich,a renowned social critic and educational thinker in the contemporary world.In this book,he explains why we should abolish schools and presents his vision of a“deschooled society.”The book was written against the complex background of the international“Cold War”of the 1960s and 1970s,as well as the complex social environment of the United States,where contradictions and conflicting values were intensifying,and Ilyich s experience of exile during the turbulent years.The publication of this book successfully sparked a wave calling for school abolition in the 1970s,making it a hot topic in academic circles.However,success does not necessarily imply reasonability.The theoretical foundation upon which“deschooling society”grew is filled with unscientific factors:hollow theoretical basis,extremist methodology,and one-sided perspectives.Moreover,the“deschooled society”is flawed in practice:abolishing schools is a pipe dream,and learning networks are too idealistic.However,schooling is not as bad as Ilyich thinks,if we want to make a brighter future for schools,they must return to their core educational function and focus on nurturing students humanity.