太原西山煤矿近代文化景观认知与保护

Cognition and Protection of Modern Cultural Landscape of Taiyuan Xishan Coal Mine

近代采矿活动深刻改变着人类与土地的关系,成为一种不同于传统农业生产背景的特殊文化景观。在太原市资源型城市转型背景下,运用文化景观和“锚固—层积”理论,探索太原西山煤矿近代文化景观的系统认知和保护策略。研究结果发现:以采矿点为核心的文化景观是一个人与土地持续互动、不断层积动态演进、与矿业文化紧密关联的复合系统;太原西山煤矿文化景观发展历程包括传统开采、快速发展、修复转型三个阶段;从建立文化景观分类信息库、新“锚固点”的评估和构建、新“层积”的活态规划和发展三个方面提出西山煤矿文化景观的保护建议。将不同时期和不同类型的矿业文化景观相关联,以动态发展眼光建立认知和保护西山煤矿文化景观体系,为其他近代采矿迹地制定科学保护和发展策略提供参考。

Modern mining activities have profoundly changed the relationship between human beings and land,and become a unique cultural landscape different from the traditional agricultural production background.Under the background of the transformation of the resource-based city of Taiyuan,this paper studies the systematic cognition and protection strategy of the modern cultural landscape in Xishan Coal Mine in Taiyuan by using the theory of“Anchor-Layering”.It is found that the cultural landscape with mining sites as the core is a complex system of continuous interaction between man and land,continuous stacking and dynamic evolution,and closely related to mining culture.The cultural landscape development of Taiyuan Xishan Coal Mine includes three stages:traditional mining,rapid growth,restoration,and transformation.According to the cultural motivation,the cultural landscape of mining cut land can be divided into five types:industrial facilities and sites,railway traffic,settlement life,military history,ecological disturbance and restoration,and protection and development suggestions for each type.The research relates different periods and types of mining cultural landscapes.It establishes the recognition and protection of the Xishan Coal Mine cultural landscape system with the vision of dynamic development.It can reference other modern mining areas to formulate scientifi c protection and development strategies.