宁心汤治疗气阴两虚型永久性心房颤动患者新型冠状病毒感染后的临床疗效观察

Clinical evaluation of Ningxin decoction in treating patients with permanent atrial fibrillation of deficiency of both qi and yin type following coronavirus disease 2019

目的评价宁心汤治疗气阴两虚型永久性心房颤动(房颤)患者新型冠状病毒(新冠病毒)感染后的临床疗效.方法收集2023年2月至8月在中国中医科学院广安门医院南区门诊就诊的120例新冠病毒感染气阴两虚型永久性房颤患者作为研究对象.将患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,每组60例,最后每组各有1例脱落,余59例.治疗组给予宁心汤(药物组成:桂枝15 g,酒萸肉15 g,生地黄15 g,红景天15 g,人参6g,桑寄生10 g,黄连3g,丹参12 g,川芎10 g,麦冬12 g,醋五味子6g)免煎颗粒水冲服,每日2次;对照组给予辅酶Q1010 mg,每日3次,两组均连续治疗4周.观察两组治疗前后胸痛、头晕、乏力、倦怠懒言、心悸、胸闷气短、失眠、多梦等中医证候的改善情况,以及心率变异性(HRV)和心率减速力指标的变化.结果治疗组在改善胸痛、乏力、心悸、胸闷气短方面均有明显疗效,在倦怠懒言、失眠、多梦方面有所改善,在改善头晕方面无明显疗效.对照组在改善心悸方面有明显疗效,胸痛、胸闷气短方面有所改善,其余方面均无明显疗效.治疗组在改善胸痛、乏力、倦怠懒言、胸闷气短、失眠、多梦方面的有效率均明显高于对照组[胸痛:95.45%(42/44)比78.57%(33/42),乏力:83.67%(41/49)比31.25%(15/48),倦怠懒言:73.91%(34/46)比12.77%(6/47),胸闷气短:88.89%(48/54)比63.64%(35/55),失眠:78.43%(40/51)比12.24%(6/49),多梦:76.09%(35/46)比43.75%(21/48),均P<0.05].两组治疗后RR间期的标准差(SDNN)、相邻RR间期差值的均方根(RMSSD)、RR间期平均值的标准差(SDANN)、相邻RR间期差值>50 ms占总RR间期数的百分比(PNN50)均较治疗前明显升高,且治疗组治疗后RMSSD、SDANN、PNN50均明显高于对照组[RMSSD(ms):28.96±3.59比24.34±2.66,SDANN(ms):108.55±11.80比100.44±13.58,PNN50:7%(6%,7%)比5%(5%,6%),均P<0.05],两组治疗前后心率减速力比较差异均无统计学意义.结论宁心汤对改善气阴两虚型永久性房颤患者新冠病毒感染后中医证候及心率变异性均有良好效果.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Ningxin decoction in treating patients with permanent atrial fibrillation(AF)of deficiency of both qi and yin type infected by coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods From February to August 2023,120 patients with permanent AF of deficiency of both qi and yin type infected by COVID-19 were collected from the outpatient clinic of Guang'anmen Hospital South Campus,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.Patients were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group using a random number table method,there were 60 cases in each group,and 1 case fell off in each group,leaving 59 cases in each group.The treatment group was given Ningxin decoction(drug composition:Cassia branch 15 g,Cornus officinalis 15 g,Rehmannia 15 g,Rhodiola rosea 15 g,Ginseng 6 g,Mulberry parasitica 10 g,Coptis coptis 3 g,Salvia miltiorrhiza 12 g,Ligusticum chuanxiong 10 g,Ophiopogon 12 g,and schisandra Vinegar 6 g)using formula granules to rinse with water,twice a day.The control group was given 10 mg of coenzyme Q10 twice a day,and both groups were treated continuously for 4 weeks.The improvements in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms,including chest pain,dizziness,fatigue,lethargy,palpitations,chest tightness and shortness of breath,insomnia,and excessive dreams before and after treatment in two groups,as well as changes in heart rate variability(HRV)and heart rate deceleration indicators were observed.Results The treatment group showed significant therapeutic effects in improving chest pain,fatigue,palpitations,chest tightness and shortness of breath,there were also improvements in lethargy,insomnia,and excessive dreaming,there was no significant therapeutic effect in improving dizziness.The control group showed significant therapeutic effects in improving palpitations,there were also improvements in chest pain,chest tightness and shortness of breath,while there was no significant therapeutic effect in other aspects.The treatment group showed significantly higher effective rates in improving chest pain,fatigue,lethargy,chest tightness and shortness of breath,insomnia,and excessive dreaming compared to the control group[chest pain:95.45%(42/44)vs.78.57%(33/42),fatigue:83.67%(41/49)vs.31.25%(15/48),lethargy:73.91%(34/46)vs.12.77%(6/47),chest tightness and shortness of breath:88.89%(48/54)vs.63.64%(35/55),insomnia:78.43%(40/51)vs.12.24%(6/49),excessive dreaming:76.09%(35/46)vs.43.75%(21/48),all P<0.05].The standard deviation of all normal to normal RR intervals(SDNN),root mean square of the difference between adjacent NN intervals(RMSSD),standard deviation of all 5-minute RR intervals(SDANN),and percent of NN50 in the total number of NN intervals(PNN50)in both groups after treatment were significantly increased compared to before treatment,and the RMSSD,SDANN,and PNN50 in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment[RMSSD(ms):28.96±3.59 vs.24.34±2.66,SDANN(ms):108.55±11.80 vs.100.44±13.58,PNN50:7%(6%,7%)vs.5%(5%,6%),all P<0.05].There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate deceleration between the two groups before and after treatment.Conclusion Ningxin decoction has a good effect on the improvement of TCM syndromes and heart rate variability in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation of deficiency of both qi and yin type after being infected by COVID-19.