高校“三全育人”的难为困境及出路--基于三元交互决定论的分析

The Difficult Dilemma and the Way out of"Three-Wide Education"in Colleges and Universities——Analysis Based on Ternary Interaction Determinism

“三全育人”是加强和改进高校思想政治工作的基本原则之一,其在高校顺利推进对实现学生的全面发展上具有重要意义。以三元交互决定论中的“个体-行为-环境”作为分析框架,“三全育人”工作应当遵循“全员”的个体要求、“全过程”“全方位”的行为要求和形成“三全育人”文化的环境要求。但当前高校“三全育人”难为的现实困境依然明显,具体表现为育人个体积极性不高、育人行为有效性不足和育人环境保障力不强。结合案例高校在激活育人个体能动、形成育人行为规范、营造育人环境氛围上的有益尝试,启示高校可以从个体、行为、环境三方面出发,通过刚柔并济的个体激发、上下同力的行为探索和形神共建的环境塑造等方式,积极开拓推进“三全育人”工作的实践进路。

"Three-wide Education"is one of the basic principles for strengthening and improving ideological and political work in colleges and universities,and its smooth promotion in colleges and universities is of great significance to the realization of students'comprehensive development.Taking"individual-behavior-environment"in the ternary interaction determinism as the analytical framework,the work of"Three-wide Education"should follow the individual requirement of full participation,the behavioral requirement of the whole process and all-round coverage,and the environmental requirement of forming the culture of"Three-wide Education".However,the reality of the current university to promote the"Three-wide Education"dilemma is still obvious,specifically manifested in the individual enthusiasm for educating people is not high,the effectiveness of educating people's behavior is insufficient,and the educating environment is not strong enough to protect.Combined with the case colleges and universities in the activation of individual educating initiative,the formation of educating behavioral norms,and the creation of a educating environment atmosphere on the beneficial attempts,revealing that colleges and universities can start from the individual,behavioral,and environmental aspects,through the strong and soft to stimulate the individual initiative,the top and bottom of the same efforts to explore the behavioral practice,shaping the material environment and the spirit of the environment and so on,to promote the work of"Three-wide Education".