脉冲强磁场磁感应强度测量技术研究进展

Progress of Magnetic Induction Intensity Measurement Techniques in the Pulsed High Magnetic Field

脉冲强磁场装置是现代科学研究的重要工具之一,精确地测量脉冲强磁场磁感应强度是发展脉冲强磁场技术、推动相关科学研究的前提和基础。该文介绍了感应线圈法、磁致旋光法、霍尔效应法、磁阻效应法及磁共振法等技术在脉冲强磁场磁感应强度测量中的最新进展,从传感特性、测量系统结构及脉冲强磁场下测量存在的独特问题与解决方案等多个方面进行了总结归纳。此外,该文还介绍了标准探针法及标准磁场法等脉冲强磁场测量标定与校准方法,最后总结并展望了脉冲强磁场磁感应强度测量技术的研究发展。

The pulsed high magnetic field is one of the essential tools in modern scientific research.Accurate measurement of the magnetic induction intensity in the pulsed high magnetic field plays a pivotal role in the development of pulsed high magnetic field technology and related scientific studies.However,the pulsed high magnetic field has characteristics such as high field strength,short durations,and limited measurement volumes,which pose significant challenges for achieving accurate measurement of the magnetic induction intensity in the pulsed high magnetic field.This work introduced recent progress of various magnetic induction intensity measurement techniques in the pulsed high magnetic field,including the induction coil method,magneto-optical rotation method,Hall effect method,magnetoresistance effect method,and magnetic resonance method.Their sensing characteristics,measurement system structures,and unique challenges and solutions in the pulsed high magnetic field were summarized.The induction coil method is one of the most commonly used measurement techniques.In recent years,additional attention has been given to issues such as insulation protection,sensor reinforcement,and frequency response characteristics.The magneto-optical rotation method is widely used in the destructive pulsed magnetic field.However,there is currently a lack of magneto-optical materials that are both less prone to saturation in the high field and have large Verdet constants.Measurement methods based on the Hall effect or magnetoresistance effect have an advantage in that their sensors have a small volume,making it easy to measure the magnetic field near physical experiment samples or the spatial distribution of the target magnetic field.Various solutions have been developed to address the loop effect issues that arise from the coupling between the measurement circuit and the pulsed magnetic field.Magnetic resonance methods are currently the most accurate techniques for measuring and calibrating the magnetic field.Various principles of magnetic resonance phenomena,including nuclear magnetic resonance,electron spin resonance,and cyclotron resonance,are developed and can be employed to measure the pulsed high magnetic field.Furthermore,we also presented calibration methods for the magnetic induction intensity measurement in the pulsed high magnetic field,such as the standard probe method and standard magnetic field method.The standard probe method currently mainly utilizes known measurement results such as the magnetic field phase transition effect of MnF2 single crystal and the quantum oscillation effect of pure copper metal as the standard probe.The standard magnetic field method is mainly used for calibrating probes with good linearity such as the induction coil,and can evaluate the frequency response characteristics of the probes.Finally,a summary and outlook of the development of magnetic induction intensity measurement techniques in the pulsed high magnetic field were given.