呼和浩特市中心城区空气污染时空分布特征分析

Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of air pollution in downtown Hohhot,China

目的 探讨呼和浩特市中心城区空气质量时间上变化特征和气溶胶厚度不同季节空间分布变化特点。方法 基于数理统计法对呼和浩特市中心四城区7个环境空气质量监测站点污染数据进行分析,利用MCD19A2气溶胶数据产品,进行气溶胶浓度遥感数据反演,绘制空间AOD变化图。结果 呼和浩特市中心城区春季PM_(10)为主要污染物、夏季O_(3)为主要污染物,冬季NO_(2)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)为主要污染物。呼和浩特市回民区空气质量指数AQI值较高,空气质量最差,污染最为严重,赛罕区空气质量指数AQI值较低,空气质量较好。春季、夏季、冬季中心城区气溶胶光学厚度AOD高值集中于四城区交汇处。结论 呼和浩特中心城区空气污染时空分布特征明显,建议采取针对性污染防治措施,切实改善空气环境质量。

Objective To explore the temporal variation characteristics of air quality and the spatial seasonal variation characteris-tics of aerosol optical depth in downtown Hohhot,China.Methods Based on mathematical statistics,pollution data from seven envi-ronmental air quality monitoring stations from four central urban area of Hohhot were analyzed.Using the MCD19A2 aerosol data product,aerosol concentrations were obtained by inversion of remote sensing data,and spatial aerosol optical depth variations were plotted on maps.Results The main pollutants in downtown Hohhot were PM_(10) in spring,O_(3) in summer,and NO_(2),PM_(10),and PM_(2.5) in winter.The Huimin District of Hohhot City showed a relatively high air quality index,the lowest air quality,and the most severe air pollution.The Saihan District showed a relatively low air quality index and a relatively high air quality.The high aerosol opti-cal depth values in spring,summer,and winter were concentrated at the intersection of the four districts.Conclusion The air pollu-tion in downtown Hohhot shows obvious spatial and temporal distribution characteristics.It is recommended to take targeted pollution prevention and control measures to effectively improve the air quality.