2023年通辽市主城区花粉浓度对过敏性疾病患者就诊量的影响研究

Study on the impact of pollen concentration in the main urban area of Tongliao on patient visits for allergic diseases in 2023,China

目的 探讨通辽市主城区花粉浓度对过敏性疾病患者就诊情况的影响,为过敏性疾病的早期预防以及防控策略的制定提供地区性的研究数据。方法 收集2023年6月19日至2023年10月9日通辽市两家三级甲等综合医院的耳鼻喉科、变态反应科和皮肤科就诊并患有过敏性疾病的患者资料。结合花粉监测数据,通过Spearman秩相关法分析花粉浓度与过敏性疾病患者就诊量相关关系,经对数转换后采用多因素线性回归方法分析花粉浓度对过敏性疾病患者就诊量的影响。结果 花粉浓度高峰期为7月25日—9月9日,过敏性疾病患者每日就诊高峰与花粉浓度高峰期高度重合。蒿属、藜科、葎草、禾本科、其他、松科植物花粉浓度与过敏性疾病就诊量具有相关性(r_(S)分别是0.609、0.312、0.673、0.507、0.301、-0.191),蒿属、藜科、葎草、禾本科、其他植物花粉浓度越高,过敏性疾病患者就诊量越多。尤其是蒿属(β=0.001,P<0.01)、葎草(β=0.002,P<0.01)、其他(β=0.001,P<0.05)植物花粉浓度对患者就诊量有显著影响,其中蒿属、葎草为通辽市主要的花粉类型,蒿属花粉浓度最大,与总浓度高峰期重合,对过敏性疾病患者就诊量影响最大。结论 通辽市主城区不同植物花粉浓度与过敏性疾病患者就诊量具有相关性,且蒿属、葎草、以及其他植物花粉浓度是过敏性疾病患者就诊量的影响因素。

Objective To study the impact of pollen concentration in the main urban area of Tongliao on patient visits for aller-gic diseases,and to provide regional research data for early prevention and development of control strategies for allergic diseases.Methods Data was collected on patients with allergic diseases who visited the otolaryngology,allergy,and dermatology departments of two grade A tertiary hospitals from June 19,2023 to October 9,2023.In combination with pollen monitoring data,the Spearman rank correlation method was used to analyze the correlation between pollen concentration and patient visits for allergic diseases.The multiva-riate linear regression method was used to analyze the impact of pollen concentration on patient visits for allergic diseases.Results Pollen concentration peaked from July 25 to September 9,and the daily peak of patient visits for allergic diseases coincided with the peak period of pollen concentration.There were correlations between the pollen concentrations of Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,Humulus,Poaceae,Others,and Pinaceae plants and patient visits for allergic diseases(r_(S)=0.609,0.312,0.673,0.507,0.301,-0.191,respectively).The patient visits for allergic diseases increased with increasing pollen concentrations of Artemisia,Chenopo-diaceae,Humulus,Poaceae,and Others.Particularly,pollen concentrations of Artemisia(β=0.001,P<0.01),Humulus(β=0.002,P<0.01),and Others(β=0.001,P<0.05)showed significant impacts on patient visits.The pollens in Tongliao City were dominated by those from Artemisia and Humulus.The highest pollen concentration was observed for Artemisia,which coincided with the peak of total pollen concentration,and Artemisia pollen concentration demonstrated the greatest impact on patient visits for allergic diseases.Conclusion There are correlations between pollen concentrations of various plants in the main urban area of Tongliao and pa-tient visits for allergic diseases.The pollen concentrations of Artemisia,Humulus,and Others are factors influencing patient visits for allergic diseases.