Temporal heterogeneity in climatic responses of four tree species in the Altai Mountains, northwest China

In the context of ongoing climate change,rela-tionships between tree growth and climate present uncertain-ties,which limits the predictions of future forest dynamics.Northwest China is a region undergoing notable warming and increased precipitation;how forests in this region will respond to climate change has not been fully understood.We used dendrochronological methods to examine the rela-tionship between climate and the radial growth of four tree species in a riparian forest habitat in Altai region:European aspen(Populus tremula),bitter poplar(Populus laurifolia),Swedish birch(Betula pendula),and Siberian spruce(Picea obovata).The results reveal that European aspen was insen-sitive to climate changes.In contrast,bitter poplar showed a positive response to elevated temperatures and negative to increased moisture during the growing season.Swedish birch and Siberian spruce were adversely affected by higher temperatures but benefited from increased precipitation.A moving correlation analysis suggested that,against a back-drop of continuous warming,growth patterns of these spe-cies will diverge:European aspen will require close moni-toring,bitter poplar may likely to show accelerated growth,and the growth of Swedish birch and Siberian spruce may be inhibited,leading to a decline.These findings offer insight into the future dynamics of riparian forests under changing climate.