江苏淮安白马湖国家湿地公园维管植物区系及群丛特征研究

Flora and Association Characteristics of Vascular Pants in Jiangsu Huai'an Baima Lake National Wetland Park

采用样线法和样方法,于2022年夏季和2023年春季对江苏淮安白马湖湿地公园中的维管植物进行了系统调查。基于调查数据,采用双向指示种分析法划分群丛类型后进行多样性计算。结果表明:本次调查共记录69科161属232种野生维管植物,8个优势科所含物种数占总物种数的50.86%,单物种记录的属所含物种数之和占总物种数的一半。在这232种维管植物中,草本、典型木本和木质藤本植物的物种数依次为201、28种和3种,中生、水生及湿生植物分别有176、28种和28种。在科级区系分布区类型中,世界广布科占绝对优势(58.21%);在属级区系分布区类型中,温带分布属占优势(39.00%),热带分布属次之(33.96%);在种级区系分布区类型中,温带分布种则占绝对优势(54.35%)。春季,有16种主要植物群丛,其中,野老鹳草群丛的物种数最多,而救荒野豌豆群丛的生物多样性指数值较大,菰+狐尾藻群丛分布最广;夏季,有12种主要植物群丛,其中,喜旱莲子草+稗群丛的物种数最多,紫萍+浮萍群丛的生物多样性指数值较大,水烛+芦苇群丛分布最广。江苏淮安白马湖国家湿地公园的维管植物物种较丰富,但水生及湿生植物物种占比较少,外来入侵种较多;公园内草本植物群丛类型季节变化明显。

A systematic survey based on transect and quadrat methods was conducted in the wetland park in the summer of 2022 and the spring of 2023.Based on this survey data,plant association types were clustered using Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis(TWINSPAN),and then their diversity indices were calculated.The findings indicated that the park hosted a total of 232 species of wild vascular plants from 161 genera and 69 families.Eight dominant families accounted for 50.86%of the total number of species;genera with one-species-record accounted for half of the pool.The numbers of herbaceous,typical woody and woody lianas were 201,28,and 3,respectively;there were 176 mesophytes,28 hydrophytes and 28 hygrophytes.In the family-level faunal distribution,cosmopolitan type made up the majority at 58.21%;in terms of genera-level distribution,temperate genera were the most dominant at 39.00%,followed by tropical genera at 33.96%;when it came to species-level faunal distribution,temperate species hold the majority at 54.35%.In spring,there were 16 major associations,and Ass.Geranium carolinianum had the highest species abundance while Ass.Vicia sativa had the highest species diversity indices.Ass.Zizania latifolia+Myriophyllum verticillatum was the most widely distributed.In summer,there were 12 major plant associations,and Ass.Alternanthera philoxeroides+Echinochloa crusgalli had the highest species abundance while Ass.Spirodela polyrhiza+Lemna minor had the highest species diversity indices.Ass.Typha angustifolia+Phragmites australis was the most widely distributed.Jiangsu Huai'an Baima Lake National Wetland Park is rich in vascular plant species diversity,but has a relatively high proportion of invasive species and a low proportion of hydrophytes and hygrophytes.The plant association types are also diverse,and significantly varied between seasons.