贵州思南四野屯省级自然保护区黄杉群落结构及物种多样性研究

Community Structure and Species Diversity in Pseudotsuga sinensis of Sinan Siyetun provincial Nature Reserve of Guizhou Province

黄杉隶属于松科黄杉属,为国家二级重点保护植物。本研究采取样方法调查分析了贵州思南四野屯省级自然保护区黄杉群落的物种组成、群落结构及物种多样性。结果表明:(1)4个黄杉群落样地共记录到维管植物28科33属45种,其中,蕨类植物4科4属5种,裸子植物2科3属3种,被子植物22科26属37种;(2)群落中高位芽植物所占比例高于其他生活型,一年生植物所占的比例最低;(3)群落在垂直结构上成层现象明显,可分为乔木层、灌木层、草本层和层间层,乔木层郁闭度较大,灌木层种类丰富、结构较复杂,草本层植被数量较少;(4)乔木层中,黄杉重要值比重远大于其他物种,在群落中具有绝对重要的位置;(5)4个黄杉群落样地的物种丰富度均较低,物种多样性指数排序为:3号样地>4号样地>2号样地>1号样地;(6)黄杉立木径级结构分布型均属于单峰型,群落中幼苗数量少,而群落中麻栎更新良好,可能会对黄杉种群更新造成不利影响,建议在黄杉种群的未来保护措施中及时清理干扰黄杉种群更新的物种。

Pseudotsuga sinensis(belongs to Pseudotsuga of Pinaceae)is one kind of the secondary state key protection plant of China.This study aims to investigate the species composition,community structure and species diversity of P.sinensis community in the Sinan Siyetun provincial Nature Reserve of Guizhou Province.Sample method was also used.The results showed that:(1)A total of 28 families,33 genera and 45 species of vascular plants were recorded in the four plots of P.sinensis community,including 4 families,4 genera and 5 species of ferns,2 families,3 genera and 3 species of gymnosperms,22 families,26 genera and 37 species of angiosperms;(2)The highest proportion of phanerophytes was observed in the community,whereas,the proportion of therophytes was the least;(3)The stratified vertical structure of the P.sinensis community was basically divided into tree,shrub,herb layer and interlayer.The canopy density of tree layer was larger,and the shrub layer was rich in species with the complex structure,while the herb layer shared the less vegetation;(4)The importance value of P.sinensis in the canopy layer was much greater than that of the rest species,indicating the absolutely important position in the community.(5)There was the low species diversity in the four P.sinensis community plots,with the descending order of Q 3>Q 4>Q 2>Q 1.(6)The unimodal type was attributed to the tree dimeter grade structure of P.sinensis in the community.The small number of P.sinensis seedlings,but the acutissima updated better,indicating an adverse effect on regeneration of P.sinensis population.Therefore,the conservation measures were suggested to clean up the species that interfered with the regeneration of P.sinensis population in time.