副文本视域下《医经溯洄集》在日本的传播与影响

Research on the Spread of Yi Jing Su Hui Ji in Japan from the Perspective of Paratext

明代刊行的医论集《医经溯洄集》不仅在国内广为流传,更早于16世纪便东传日本,为日本学者相继抄刻、赋序、作跋、注解、评析,形成了延伸《医经溯洄集》原文本,与海外读者遥相对话的“副文本”特殊场域。作为阅读与接受《医经溯洄集》之基础,日本人所抄刻的各版本之中既有名家旧藏、旧抄,亦有较特殊的鳌头本;日本汉方医家为之所作序跋,又初步反映出是书流播之原因与价值;多种批注本直观呈现出日本学者释字词、考出处、说人物、疏源流、示异议等注解之道,日本医家著述对《医经溯洄集》之评论则更体现了不同读者关于是书之争鸣。日本汉方医学后世方派、后世别派、古方派、折衷考据派等各学派医家,乃至非业医者,共同构建了《医经溯洄集》“副文本”空间,推动了其在日流播并产生深远影响,而“副文本”理念也为现代更好地研究、利用中医古籍提供了新的视角与启发。

The medical treatise collection Yi Jing Su Hui Ji published in the Ming Dynasty was not only widely circulated in China,but also spread to Japan as early as the 16th century.It was transcribed,block-printed,prefaced,postscripted,annotated,commented and analyzed by Japanese scholars,forming a special field of paratext that extended the original text of Yi Jing Su Hui Ji and engaged in remote dialogue with Japanese readers.As the basis for reading and accepting Yi Jing Su Hui Ji,the various versions in Japan include the famous old collection,old transcript,and the more special Aotou edition.The preface and postscript written by Japanese Kampo medicine scholars also preliminarily reflect the reasons of dissemination and the value of this book.Various annotated books intuitively present the ways in which Japanese scholars interpret words,sources,figures,origins,and different thoughts.The comments on the Yi Jing Su Hui Ji by Japanese doctors further reflect the debates among different readers about the book.Various schools of Japanese Kampo medicine,including later generations prescription schools and its branch schools,ancient prescription schools,eclectic textual research schools,and non-practitioners,jointly constructed the paratext space of Yi Jing Su Hui Ji,which promoted its dissemination in Japan and had a profound impact.The concept of paratext also provides a new perspective and inspiration for better research and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine books in modern times.