晚明至民国时期中医译者群体研究

Study on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Translator Groups from the Late Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China

中医译者群体是中医西传的主体,以中医译者群体为研究对象,考察晚明至民国时期的中医译者群体及其翻译活动,探讨不同历史时期中西文化交流背景下中医译者群体的特点、影响,及其中医观、翻译观和调试策略等。在中西交流的文化竞合关系中,传教士、汉学家、医生和药剂师等中医译者群体在不同时期对中医表现出赞许、尊重、质疑等不同态度,也选择了不同的翻译方式和内容。中医译者群体的活动,受到历史环境和中西文化碰撞等因素的影响,折射出中西两种医学类型,乃至中西文化的竞争与融合。中西文化的竞合关系在很大程度上影响到中医译者群体的形成、活动特点、观念态度和译事选择等。厘清其中发展可为完善中医外译史书写提供素材,为当下中医外传献计。

The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)translator groups are the main body of western transmission of TCM.Taking the TCM translator group as the research object,this study investigated the TCM translator group and their translation activities from the late Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China,and explored the characteristics,influences,TCM views,translation views,and debugging strategies of the TCM translator group under the background of cultural exchange between China and the West in different historical periods.In the cultural co-opetition,translator groups of missionaries,sinologists,doctors and pharmacists showed different attitudes towards TCM such as praise,respect and questioning,and therefore,they adopted different ways and content of translation in response.The activities of the TCM translator groups were influenced by factors such as historical environment and the collision of Chinese and Western cultures,reflecting the competition and integration of the two types of medicine,and even the Chinese and Western cultures.The co-opetition relationship between Chinese and Western cultures greatly affects the formation,activity characteristics,conceptual attitudes,and translation choices of the TCM translator groups.Clarifying its development can provide materials for improving the history of Chinese medicine translation and offer suggestions for current Chinese medicine translation.