近地面大长宽比跟踪式光伏阵列风洞试验研究

Research on Wind Tunnel Test of Near-Ground Tracking Photovoltaic Arrays with Large Aspect Ratio

为明确近地面风场对跟踪式光伏结构风荷载取值的影响,本文基于风洞试验和计算流体力学(CFD)模拟对单排光伏组件的倾角、风向角、离地高度展开分析,并在此基础上研究了多排光伏阵列在不同风向角下,其遮挡效应对体型系数取值的影响.结果表明:单排光伏组件的表面风压符合梯形分布方式;多排光伏阵列中上游组件对下游的遮挡程度会随倾角的增大而增长,且后排光伏组件体型系数随着前排遮挡的增多逐渐趋于稳定;离地高度对光伏组件及阵列的体型系数存在一定的影响.

To clarify the influence of near-ground wind fields on tracking photovoltaic(PV)structures,wind tunnel tests and Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulations are conducted in this paper for the analyses of shielding effects and shape factors under different tilt angles,wind direction angle,and height of PV arrays.Building upon this analysis,the paper investigates the impact of shielding effects of multi-row PV arrays on the values of shape coefficient under different wind direction angles.Results show that the surface wind pressure of a single-row PV component follows a trapezoidal distribution.For multi-row PV arrays,as the tilt angle increases,the shielding effects increase significantly.The shape coefficients tend to be stable when the number of upstream PV arrays becomes large.The height of their heights has a certain impact on the shape coefficient of both individual PV components and arrays.