一种小型教学用五轴激光加工机床控制系统设计与实现

Design and Implementation of a Small Teaching Five-Axis Laser Processing Machine Tool Control System

为满足教学型五轴激光加工机床数控系统高精度、实时性和适教化要求,设计基于PC及TwinCAT3 PLC的五轴激光光机电协同教学数控系统。在上位机中,使用基于Windows 7的QT Creator设计人机交互界面,以实现对PLC和CNC的实时状态监测、控制和非实时任务处理。在基于TwinCAT3 PLC的下位机中,使用ST语言编程实现了实时功能模块的开发与伺服运动、光束运动的控制。上位机与下位机之间通过ADS通信实现了数据交换,而下位机与伺服控制系统之间则使用EtherCAT实时以太网总线通信。最后,对教学用五轴激光加工机床的控制系统进行了初步测试,包括基本运动控制测试与激光控制测试,一定程度上验证了此系统的可行性与稳定性,为后续激光教学机床控制系统的开发奠定了基础。

To meet the high precision,real-time and educational adaptability requirements of the five-axis laser machining machine tool CNC system for educational purposes,a five-axis laser photo-electric cooperative CNC system for educational purposes based on PC and TwinCAT3 PLC was designed.In the upper computer,a human-machine interface was designed using QT Creator based on Windows 7,enabling real-time monitoring,control and non-real-time task processing of the PLC and CNC.In the lower computer based on TwinCAT3 PLC,the development of real-time function modules and control of servo motion and laser beam motion were achieved through ST language programming.Data exchange between the upper computer and lower computer was implemented through ADS communication,while EtherCAT real-time ethernet bus was used to communicate between the lower computer and servo control system.Finally,preliminary tests were conducted on the control system of the five-axis teaching machine tool,including basic motion control tests and laser control tests.These tests partially validated the feasibility and stability of the system,laying a foundation for the subsequent development of laser machining machine tool control systems for educational purposes.