环下润滑高速滚动轴承环间流场及温度场分析

Analysis of Flow Field and Temperature Field Between Rings of Under-Ring Lubricated High-Speed Rolling Bearing

以三点角接触球轴承为研究对象,采用多重参考系(MRF)描述轴承钢球的自转与公转以及各部件的运动,应用流体体积(VOF)理论,建立轴承油气两相热流耦合计算模型,分析轴承腔内流场及温度场分布情况及影响机制。结果表明:轴承钢球自转存在接触角时,钢球自转会影响环间及内外圈油液分布状态,两侧出口处油液分布不均匀导致轴承两侧出口处温升不同;供油量的增加明显提高轴承腔内滑油体积分数,内外滚道油液附着显著提升,腔内及内外滚道温升不断下降;轴承内圈滑油体积分数明显高于轴承外圈,轴承内圈温升小于轴承外圈;轴承钢球滑动摩擦较滚动摩擦产生的热量大,相比钢球有自转时,钢球无自转时轴承内外圈的温升较高;随着供油量增加,轴承腔内滑油体积分数逐渐增加,使得轴承腔内平均温升及滑油黏性剪切温升和摩擦温升减小,但滑油黏性剪切温升占比会逐渐增加,摩擦温升占比逐渐下降;钢球有自转较无自转时摩擦温升占比小,黏性温升占比大。

Taking the three-point angular contact ball bearing as the research object,the multiple reference frame(MRF)was used to describe the rotation and revolution of the bearing steel ball and the motion of each component,and the volume of fluid(VOF)theory was applied to establish the coupling calculation model of the oil and gas two-phase heat flow of the bearing,and the distribution and influence mechanism of the flow field and temperature field in the bearing cavity were analyzed.The results show that when there is a contact angle in the rotation of the steel ball,the rotation of the steel ball can affect the oil distribution between the rings and the inner and outer rings,and the uneven oil distribution at the outlets on both sides can lead to different temperature rises at the outlets on both sides of the bearing.The increase of oil supply can significantly improve the volume fraction of lubricating oil in the bearing cavity,the oil adhesion of the inner and outer raceways is significantly improved,and the temperature rise in the cavity and the inner and outer raceways continues to decrease.The volume fraction of lubricating oil in the inner ring of the bearing is significantly higher than that of the outer ring of the bearing,and the temperature rise of the inner ring of the bearing is smaller than that of the outer ring of the bearing.The heat generated by the sliding friction of the bearing steel ball is greater than that of the rolling friction,compared to steel ball without rotation,the temperature rise of the inner and outer rings of the bearing of the steel ball with rotation is higher.With the increase of oil supply,the volume fraction of lubricating oil in the bearing cavity gradually increases,which makes the average temperature rise in the bearing cavity and the viscous shear temperature rise and friction temperature rise of lubricating oil decrease,but the proportion of viscous shear temperature rise of lubricating oil is gradually increased,and the proportion of friction temperature rise is gradually decreased.The proportion of friction temperature rise of the steel ball with rotation is smaller than that of steel ball without rotation,and the proportion of viscous temperature rise is large.