基于改进两步移动搜索法的山地城市公园步行可达性研究——以重庆市渝中区为例

Walking Accessibility of Mountainous Urban Parks Based on Improved Two-Step Floating Catchment Area(2SFCA)Method:A Case Study of Yuzhong District,Chongqing

城市公园与居民的公共生活和身心健康息息相关,山地城市中使用步行可达性可以有效衡量公园布局公平性与服务效能。本研究选取重庆渝中区117个老旧社区和12个公园,运用两步移动搜索法(2SFCA)与改进高斯两步移动搜索法(包括百度地图API法与OD成本矩阵法)对社区公园的15min步行可达性进行分析。结果显示,百度地图API法综合考虑包括坡度在内的可达性多种影响因素,最适用于精确计算山地城市可达性;坡度是造成API法与OD法计算结果差异的显著因素,且坡度越大,API法越准确;渝中区老旧社区存在整体公园可达性差的问题和西高东低空间分布的规律。研究结果为公园布局、步行系统规划与15min社区生活圈构建提供了参考依据。

Urban parks are closely related to residents'public life and physical and mental health.Walking accessibility can effectively measure the fairness layout and service efficiency of park in mountainous cities.The study selects 117 old communities and 12 parks in Yuzhong District,Chongqing,and uses the traditional twostep floating catchment area method(2SFCA)and improved Gaussian 2SFCA(including Baidu Map API and OD cost matrix)method to analyze the 15-minute walking accessibility of community parks.The results show that APl method comprehensively considers various accessibility factors,including slope,and is most suitable for accurately calculating the accessibility of mountainous cities.Slope is a significant factor causing the difference between the APl and oDI method.and the larger the slope,the more accurate the APl method.The old urban neighborhoods in Yuzhong District have poor overall park accessibility,with a spatial distribution pattern of higher in the west and lower in the east.The findings provide a reference for park distribution planning,surrounding pedestrian system planning,and the construction of 15-minutecommunity lifecircle.