新疆阿艾矿区烧变岩水害特征及防治技术

Characteristics of water hazard caused by burnt rocks in A′ai mining area of Xinjiang and the prevention technology

为了提升新疆阿艾矿区烧变岩水害防治技术水平、减少水害事故发生,分析了研究区烧变岩含水层分布特征、富水特征;根据烧变岩含水层与采掘区域位置关系、导水通道的形成机制及烧变岩来水方向,划分了研究区烧变岩水害类型;提出了采用“地面疏排+井下疏放”的井上下联合疏放水防治技术治理烧变岩水害;研究了基于疏水量、水位动态变化以及钻探验证的水害治理效果评价方法,并选择典型工作面进行应用。结果表明:阿艾矿区烧变岩水害分为掘进扰动裂隙侧向涌水、采动裂隙顶部涌水、集中导水通道顶部涌水3大类;典型工作面烧变岩水累计疏排水量约219.2万m^(3),含水层水位平均下降约40 m,经钻探验证仅在工作面终采线外侧的补T_(1)孔涌水7.5 m^(3)/h,其余区域无水,表明烧变岩积水绝大部分区域已疏放完毕,疏放水效果显著。

In order to improve the technical level of water hazard prevention for burnt rock and reduce the occurrence of water hazards in A'ai mining area of Xinjiang,the distribution characteristics and water abundance characteristics of burnt rock aquifer in study area were introduced.Based on the relationship between burnt rock aquifer and the location of the mining area,and the formation mechanism of water channels,and the direction of water inflow from burnt rock,the types of water hazards caused by burnt rock in study area were classified.A combination of surface drainage and underground drainage was employed to control the water hazard caused by burnt rock.The evaluation method for water hazard control effectiveness was studied based on hydrophobicity,water level dynamic changes,and drilling verification,and select typical working faces for application.The results indicate that burnt rock water hazard in A′ai mining area can be divided into three categories,lateral water inrush from excavation disturbance cracks,roof crack water inrush,and roof water inrush in concentrated water channels.The cumulative drainage volume of burnt rock water in typical working faces is about 2.192 million cubic meters,and the average water level in the aquifer decreases by about 40 meters.Only 7.5 m^(3)/h of water gushes from the T_(1) hole outside the terminal mining line of the working face,and there is no water in the remaining areas,indicating that most of the burnt rock water has been drained and the drainage effect is significant.