民国汉藏佛教文化交流交融的探索实践与当代借鉴——以重庆汉藏教理院为中心

Exploration and Practice and Contemporary Reference of Cultural Exchange and Integration of Han-Tibetan Buddhism in the Republic of China——Focusing on the Chongqing Han-Tibetan Buddhist Institute

重庆汉藏教理院的兴办是我国近代史上汉藏佛教文化交流的典型事例。该院以“融通汉藏佛教、联络汉藏感情”为办学宗旨,培养汉藏双语佛学人才,聘请藏传佛教僧人到院任职任教,开创藏传佛教僧人驻锡内地佛学院之先河,推动藏传佛教在内地传播新趋势。又保送师生游学西藏、西康,造就一批擅长佛学研究、经典翻译、古籍整理的汉藏双语佛学人才,依托往来西藏和内地的汉藏僧人传递信息、沟通情感,客观上改善了藏传佛教界对内地佛学的认知。汉藏教理院引导汉藏佛教文化深度交流互动,将藏传佛教教理纳入近代佛学教育体系,搭建藏传佛教僧人参与内地佛学教育、研究和社会服务的平台,使汉藏佛教文化交融互补呈现新的格局。汉藏教理院形成了用佛教文化沟通汉藏民族关系的认识论和方法论,为铸牢中华民族共同体意识和促进中华民族交往交流交融提供了借鉴。

The establishment of the Chongqing Han-Tibetan Buddhist Institute is a typical example of HanTibetan Buddhist cultural exchange in modern history of China The institute took “integrating Chinese and Tibetan Buddhism and connecting Chinese and Tibetan feelings” as its purpose, cultivated bilingual Buddhist talents in Chinese and Tibetan, invited Tibetan Buddhist monks to work and teach in the institute, created a precedent for Tibetan Buddhist monks to stay in Buddhist colleges in the mainland, and promoted a new trend of Tibetan Buddhism in the mainland It also sends teachers and students to study in Xizang and Xikang to cultivate a group of bilingual Buddhist talents in Chinese and Tibetan who are good at Buddhist research, classic translation, and ancient book compilation Relying on the Chinese and Tibetan monks who travel between Xizang and the mainland to transmit information and communicate emotions, it objectively improved the Tibetan Buddhist community's understanding of Buddhism in the mainland of China The Han-Tibetan Buddhist Institute guided the in-depth exchange and interaction of Chinese and Tibetan Buddhist cultures,incorporated Tibetan Buddhist doctrines into the modern Buddhist education system, and built a platform for Tibetan Buddhist monks to participate in mainland Buddhist education, research and social services, so that the integration and complementarity of Chinese and Tibetan Buddhist cultures presented a new pattern The HanTibetan Buddhist Institute has formed an epistemology and methodology for communicating the relationship between the Han and Tibetan ethnic groups through Buddhist culture, which provided a reference for forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation and promoting interactions, exchanges and integration among the Chinese nation.