早发2型糖尿病发病机制及并发症的研究

Investigation on pathogenesis and complications of early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus

初诊年龄在40岁以下的2型糖尿病(T2DM)称为早发2型糖尿病(EOD)。近年来T2DM患者在全球范围内激增,其初诊年龄逐步年轻化。相比晚发T2DM,不良生活方式及遗传因素对EOD患者的影响更明显,EOD患者本身血糖控制更差、胰岛素抵抗更严重、β细胞功能衰竭速度更快,合并糖尿病各种微血管及大血管并发症风险性更高,导致EOD患者未来面临多发病及早期死亡的风险更高,EOD是值得全民重视的公共卫生问题之一。EOD的流行病学特点、发病机制及微血管、大血管并发症的研究,可以为早期预防和治疗EOD提供重要参考依据,能够减少EOD的发生,减少并延缓其并发症的发生和发展,延长EOD患者的预期寿命,提高其生活质量,降低其医疗费用,减轻全社会的医疗负担。

Patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)whose first diagnosis is under 40 years old is called early-onset type 2 diabetes(EOD).In recent years,patients with T2DM have proliferated in the world,and the age of first diagnosis is getting younger.Compared with late-onset T2DM,the influence of unhealthy lifestyle and genetic factors on EOD patients is more obvious.EOD patients have worse blood glucose control,more severe insulin resistance,faster failure ofβ-cell function,and higher risk of various microvascular and macrovascular complications associated with diabetes,which leads to higher risk of frequently-occurring diseases and early death in the future.EOD is one of the public health problems worthy of attention.The research on the epidemiological characteristics,pathogenesis and microvascular and macrovascular complications of EOD can provide an important reference for early prevention and treatment of EOD.It reduces the occurrence of EOD,decreases and delays the occurrence and development of its complications,prolongs the life expectancy of EOD patients,improves their quality of life,lowers their medical expenses and alleviates the medical burden of the whole society.