基于气血理论探讨原发性肌少症的中医药防治策略

Investigation on the prevention and treatment strategy of primary sarcopenia with traditional Chinese medicine and pharmacy based on qi and blood theory

肌少症易使老年人因肌无力、跌倒、失能导致病残或病死,给我国医疗卫生系统带来了沉重的负担。目前现代医学治疗肌少症方式有限,中医学基于“痿证”“虚劳”角度辨证论治肌少症,临床疗效良好。肌少症病机多为老年人气血亏虚,肌肉不得濡养,出现筋肉痿软无力,因此,本文基于“气血理论”阐述肌少症的预防和治疗。中医学提出未病先防,倡导老年人应饮食有节、导引以行气血,重视人体气血的培补,气血充盛,则五脏生理功能通畅,肌肉不易出现萎缩。同时,在肌少症发生后,应既病防变,通过中药复方、单味中药及其有效成分、针灸、推拿、导引功法等调和气血,恢复五脏气血平衡,改善肌少症肌肉质量和机体平衡功能,防止肌少症的发展。提示老年人可通过调和气血以达到防治肌少症的目的,即所谓“疏其血气,令其调达而致和平”。

Sarcopenia easily leads to disability or death of the elderly due to muscle weakness,fall and disability,which brings a heavy burden to China’s medical and health system.At present,there are limited ways to treat sarcopenia in modern medicine.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treats sarcopenia based on syndrome differentiation of"flaccidity"and"asthenia",and the clinical efficacy is good.The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is mostly the deficiency of qi and blood in the elderly,and the muscles cannot be nourished,resulting in muscle flaccidity and asthenia.Therefore,the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia based on the theory of qi and blood is expounded in this paper.TCM puts forward prevention before illness,advocates that the elderly should have a moderate diet and guide to promote qi and blood,and pay attention to the cultivation of human qi and blood.If qi and blood are full,the physiological functions of the five internal organs will be smooth and the muscles will not atrophy easily.At the same time,after the occurrence of sarcopenia,the disease should be prevented,and the qi and blood should be reconciled through compound or single Chinese materia medica and its effective components,acupuncture and moxibustion,massage and guiding exercises,so as to restore the balance of qi and blood in five internal organs.It improves the muscle quality and body balance function of sarcopenia,in order to prevent the development of sarcopenia.It is suggested that the elderly can achieve the purpose of preventing and treating sarcopenia by harmonizing qi and blood,that is,the so-called"ease the blood and qi,harmonize their flow to bring peace".