3D打印技术在骨关节炎中的研究进展

Research Progress of 3D Printing Technology in Osteoarthritis

骨关节炎(osteoarthritis,OA)是一种临床上常见的逐渐进展的慢性骨关节病变,是以关节软骨损害为主的非炎性退行性关节病,常常累及整个关节面组织,最终导致关节疼痛、活动障碍,甚至畸形。三维(three-dimensional,3D)打印技术是快速成型技术工艺中的一种,指以数字模型的数据文件为基础,粘合粉末状的各类金属及塑料颗粒等物质,并通过逐层打印制作的方式,来构建数字模型所设计的物体结构的技术。近年来,3D打印技术在医学领域应用相对广泛,特别是等比例打印骨与关节模型在骨关节炎治疗过程中体现了其独特优势。骨与关节模型的制作,不仅能更加直观详细地展现骨与关节的解剖结构、明确破坏部位及程度,而且能明显缩短手术时间、减少术中出血量及缩短术后恢复时间。因此,本文通过近年来3D打印技术在骨关节炎中的应用研究进行综述。

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a common and progressive chronic osteoarthropathy in clinical practice.It is a non-inflammatory degenerative joint disease mainly involving articular cartilage damage,which often involves the entire articular surface tissue and eventually leads to joint pain,mobility impairment,and even deformity.Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology is one of the rapid prototyping technology process,refers to the data file of digital model as the basis,bonding various powdery metals and plastic particles,and through the way of layer by layer printing,to build the object structure of the digital model design technology.In recent years,3D printing technology has been widely used in the medical field,especially the equal proportion printing of bone and joint models has reflected its unique advantages in the treatment of osteoarthritis.The production of bone and joint models can not only display the anatomical structure of bone and joint more intuitively and in detail,determine the location and degree of damage,but also can significantly shorten the operation time,reduce the intraoperative blood loss and shorten the postoperative recovery time.Therefore,this paper reviews the application of 3D printing technology in osteoarthritis in recent years.